A factor of protein nature that inhibits the proliferation of gonocytes and, probably, their ingress into meiosis and stimulates the development of some components of the blood-testicular barrier was isolated from the testis of 19-20-day-old fetuses and young rats of the first two weeks of life. It is assumed that the inhibin-like factor is formed in the testicular network. The time at which the receptors for the factor under discussion may occur in the cells of the testis of Wistar rat fetuses is discussed.
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Cycloheximide inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone β subunit transcription by blocking de novo synthesis of the labile activin type II receptor in gonadotrope cells.
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Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
The pituitary gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), play essential roles in the regulation of vertebrate reproduction. Activins and inhibins have opposing actions on FSH (but not LH) synthesis, either inducing or inhibiting transcription of the FSHβ subunit gene (Fshb). The translational inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) produces inhibin-like effects in cultured pituitary cells, selectively suppressing FSH production.
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School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AJ, UK.
Members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily have wide-ranging influences on many tissue and organ systems including the ovary. Two recently discovered TGF-beta superfamily members, growth/differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15; also designated as GDF-9B) are expressed in an oocyte-specific manner from a very early stage and play a key role in promoting follicle growth beyond the primary stage. Follicle growth to the small antral stage does not require gonadotrophins but appears to be driven by local autocrine/paracrine signals from both somatic cell types (granulosa and theca) and from the oocyte.
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J Exp Zool
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Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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September 1992
Reproductive Neuroendocrinology Section, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
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