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Ultrarare Cause of Childhood Chorea: Celiac Disease.
J Child Neurol
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Introduction: Chorea, a movement disorder that commonly affects children, may be caused by various diseases with metabolic, structural, pharmacologic, or autoimmune origins. Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy that may rarely cause neurologic symptoms in children, primarily ataxia and peripheral neuropathy, even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms.
Case Report: A 9-year-old male patient diagnosed with Sydenham chorea was admitted to our clinic because of valproic acid resistance.
FOXP3 expression in duodenal mucosa: Unique role in pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of celiac disease.
Ann Diagn Pathol
February 2025
Mardin Training and Research Hospital, Adult Gastroenterology Clinic, Mardin, Turkey.
Article Synopsis
- FOXP3 positive regulatory T lymphocytes play a key role in maintaining inflammation balance in the gastrointestinal tract and are important in various diseases, including celiac disease (CD).
- This study analyzed 261 duodenal biopsy samples from patients, distinguishing between those with CD and non-CD conditions, to investigate the relationship between FOXP3 expression and CD diagnosis.
- Results showed that high FOXP3 levels correlated with severe disease symptoms and could effectively diagnose CD, demonstrating a high sensitivity (92.8%) and specificity (91.7%) in differentiating it from non-CD conditions.
Multiplexed immunohistochemical evaluation of small bowel inflammatory and epithelial parameters in environmental enteric dysfunction.
Am J Clin Nutr
September 2024
Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is characterized by reduced absorptive capacity and barrier function of the small intestine, leading to poor ponderal and linear childhood growth.
Objectives: To further define gene expression patterns that are associated with EED to uncover new pathophysiology of this disorder.
Methods: Duodenal biopsies from cohorts of children with EED from Bangladesh, Pakistan and Zambia were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to interrogate gene products that distinguished differentiation and various biochemical pathways in immune and epithelial cells, some identified by prior bulk RNA sequence analyses.
Celiac Disease Deep Learning Image Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks.
J Imaging
August 2024
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara 259-1193, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Celiac disease (CD) is diagnosed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) that analyzed over 25,000 histological images, achieving high performance metrics like 99.7% accuracy.
- The CNN's ability extended to classify images related to duodenal adenocarcinoma and was further improved by retraining with additional data, maintaining high accuracy levels for both CD (over 99%) and adenocarcinoma (97%).
- The study utilized techniques like Grad-CAM to interpret the AI's classification decisions and highlighted the effectiveness of narrow AI in specialized medical diagnostics.
Celiac disease (CD), a gluten-related disease, is a multi-system rare disorder mainly involving the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical signs of CD are exceedingly heterogeneous, which increases the difficulty of clinical differential diagnosis. Neurological manifestations are one of the non-classical CD symptoms.
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