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Gut bacterial metabolism of dietary flavonoids results in the production of a variety of phenolic acids, whose contributions to health remain poorly understood. Here, we show that supplementation with the commonly consumed flavonoid quercetin impacted gut microbiome composition and resulted in a significant reduction in atherosclerosis burden in conventionally raised (ConvR) Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice but not in germ-free (GF) ApoE KO mice. Metabolomic analysis revealed that consumption of quercetin significantly increased plasma levels of benzoylglutamic acid, 3,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHBA) and its sulfate-conjugated form in ConvR mice, but not in GF mice supplemented with the flavonoid.

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Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 inhibition mediates the therapeutic effects in Parkinson's disease mice by modulating inflammation and neurogenesis in a gut microbiota dependent manner.

Exp Neurol

January 2025

Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Neuroinjury Diseases, Wuxi, School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; MOE Medical Basic Research Innovation Center for Gut Microbiota and Chronic Diseases, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China. Electronic address:

Abnormal tryptophan metabolism is closely linked with neurological disorders. Research has shown that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1), the first rate-limiting enzyme in tryptophan degradation, is upregulated in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the precise role of IDO-1 in PD pathogenesis remains elusive.

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Intestinal TM6SF2 protects against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis through the gut-liver axis.

Nat Metab

January 2025

Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Transmembrane-6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) regulates hepatic fat metabolism and is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). TM6SF2 genetic variants are associated with steatotic liver disease. The pathogenesis of MASH involves genetic factors and gut microbiota alteration, yet the role of host-microbe interactions in MASH development remains unclear.

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Introduction: Human milk-derived probiotics are beneficial bacteria that provide gestational health benefits, for both pregnant women and their offspring. The study aims to investigate whether the administration of human milk-derived probiotic HM-P2 could effectively influence gestational health.

Methods: The gestational humanized microbiome model was built by fecal microbiome transplant from gestational women into germ-free (GF) mice.

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flagellin exacerbates colorectal cancer through activating LRRC19/TRAF6/TAK1 pathway.

Gut Microbes

December 2025

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, National Key Clinical Specialty, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China.

The initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) are intimately associated with genetic, environmental and biological factors. (DSV), a sulfate-reducing bacterium, has been found excessive growth in CRC patients, suggesting a potential role in carcinogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this association remain incompletely understood.

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