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Progression of the leprosy reaction and nerve damage: A prospective cohort study in children with leprosy from the Brazilian Amazon.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Para, Belem, PA, Brazil.
Introduction: Leprosy reactions being closely related to damage to peripheral nerves and physical disabilities associated with disease progression. Disabilities in childhood can have a devastating effect with impaired children's cognitive, emotional, social, and educational development. We followed up the progression of leprosy reactions in children identifying associated factors with the emergence and/or worsening of nerve damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTh17 and T Regulatory Cytokines in Serum, Lesional Skin, and Stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Culture Supernatants from Type 1 Leprosy Reaction Patients.
Am J Trop Med Hyg
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.
There are conflicting reports regarding the roles of T helper-17 (Th17) and T regulatory (Treg) cells in type 1 leprosy reactions (T1Rs). Also, literature on the correlation of immunological parameters with a validated scoring system and the effect of treatment on cytokines is lacking. Adult patients with untreated T1R and nonreactional spectrum-matched controls were included in the study for comparison of levels of Th17 and Treg pathway cytokines in serum, skin lesions (reactional), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) culture supernatants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutrophilic leukocytosis and erythema nodosum leprosum in leprosy: insights from a retrospective observational study.
Front Immunol
July 2024
Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Background: Leprosy reactions represent immunologically mediated episodes of acute inflammation that, if not diagnosed and treated promptly, can cause irreversible impairment of nerve function and permanent disabilities. A frequent type of reaction experienced by patients with lepromatous leprosy (LL) and borderline lepromatous leprosy (BL) is erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), an inflammatory complication that may become chronic or recur in multiple episodes. Although ENL is commonly described as a neutrophil-mediated immune disease, the role of neutrophils is not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhole blood transcriptomics reveals the enrichment of neutrophil activation pathways during erythema nodosum leprosum reaction.
Front Immunol
May 2024
Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Patients with leprosy can experience acute inflammatory episodes called erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), which involve painful skin nodules and systemic symptoms; neutrophils are believed to contribute to these episodes.
- A study compared transcriptomic data from the blood of patients with non-reactional lepromatous leprosy and those experiencing ENL, revealing that ENL patients exhibited a heightened expression of neutrophil activation and pro-inflammatory genes.
- Validation of the findings showed that the level of the neutrophil activation marker CD177 could differentiate between ENL and non-reactional cases, and higher CD177 levels were associated with more severe ENL episodes, suggesting its potential as a marker for EN
and host immune transcriptomic signatures for reactional states in leprosy.
Front Microbiol
March 2023
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Background: transcriptomic and human host immune gene expression signatures that demonstrate a plausible association with type I (T1R) and type II reactions (T2R) aid in early diagnosis, prevention of nerve damage and consequent demyelinating neuropathy in leprosy. The aim of the study is to identify and host-associated gene-expression signatures that are associated with reactional states in leprosy.
Methods: The differentially expressed genes from the whole transcriptome of were determined using genome-wide hybridization arrays with RNA extracted from skin biopsies of 20 T1R, 20 T2R and 20 non reactional controls (NR).
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