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β-Glucosidases in specialized metabolism: Towards a new understanding of the gatekeepers of plant chemical arsenal.
Curr Opin Plant Biol
December 2024
Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address:
Plants produce an exceptional multitude of chemicals to compensate with challenging environments. Despite the structural pluralism of specialized metabolism, often defensive compounds are stored in planta as glycosides and reactive aglycones are conditionally activated by specific β-glucosidases-a large family of enzymes with pluripotent contribution in homeostasis and a pivotal role in plant chemical defense. Typically, these detonating enzymes are characterized by exceptional substrate specificity and, in several cases, even isoenzymes exhibit differentiated molecular or biochemical characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFsp-Iminosugar azobenzene O-glycosides: Light-sensitive glycosidase inhibitors with unprecedented tunability and switching factors.
Bioorg Chem
September 2024
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/ Profesor García González 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain. Electronic address:
The conventional approach to developing light-sensitive glycosidase activity regulators, involving the combination of a glycomimetic moiety and a photoactive azobenzene module, results in conjugates with differences in glycosidase inhibitory activity between the interchangeable E and Z-isomers at the azo group that are generally below one-order of magnitude. In this study, we have exploited the chemical mimic character of sp-iminosugars to access photoswitchable p- and o-azobenzene α-O-glycosides based on the gluco-configured representative ONJ. Notably, we achieved remarkably high switching factors for glycosidase inhibition, favoring either the E- or Z-isomer depending on the aglycone structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulation of Grain Chalkiness and Starch Metabolism by FLO2 Interaction Factor 3, a bHLH Transcription Factor in .
Int J Mol Sci
August 2023
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Chalkiness is a key determinant that directly affects the appearance and cooking quality of rice grains. Previously, () was reported to be involved in the formation of rice chalkiness; however, its regulation mechanism is still unclear. Here, FLO2 interaction factor 3 (FIF3), a bHLH transcription factor, was identified and analyzed in .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCellulosic Ethanol Production Using a Dual Functional Novel Yeast.
Int J Microbiol
March 2022
BioEnergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL 61604, USA.
Reducing the cost of cellulosic ethanol production, especially for cellulose hydrolytic enzymes, is vital to growing a sustainable and efficient cellulosic ethanol industry and bio-based economy. Using an ethanologenic yeast able to produce hydrolytic enzymes, such as NRRL Y-50464, is one solution. NRRL Y-50464 is fast-growing and robust, and tolerates inhibitory compounds 2-furaldehyde (furfural) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF) associated with lignocellulose-to-fuel conversion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGSK-3 Inhibitors as New Leads to Treat Type-II Diabetes.
Curr Drug Targets
February 2022
School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad-500 088, Telangana, India.
In India as well as globally, diabetes is in a state of high risk and next to cardiovascular disease. As per the WHO, the risk of diabetes is expected to rise about 511 million by 2030. In quest of novel targets for type-2 diabetes, many targets were elucidated, such as Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3), Dipeptidyl Peptidase (DPP-IV), PPAR-γ, α-Glucosidase, α-Amylase, GLP-1, and SGLT.
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