The enzyme carbonic anhydrase was detected with an indirect immunoperoxidase method in 22 kidney exploratory excisions of patients with urolithiasis, ren mobilis or stenosis of ureteral pelvic junction. The reactivity of carbonic anhydrase was related to disturbances in acid-base equilibrium. Carbonic anhydrase was detected in the convoluted parts of the distal tubules, connecting tubules and cortical collecting ducts. The distribution corresponds vastly with the localization of intercalated cells. The reaction was increased in three cases with acid rigidity and was strongly reduced in one case of renal tubular acidosis.
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