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Protective Effects of Early Neonatal Methylxanthine Treatment on Cognitive and Language Outcomes in Premature Infants with and without High-Risk Perinatal Factors.
Dev Neurosci
July 2024
Department of Psychological Sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience Division, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
Introduction: Caffeine and theophylline are methylxanthines and nonselective adenosine antagonists commonly used to treat apnea of prematurity. Both human and animal data suggest that xanthines also have clinically important long-term neuroprotective effects in the presence of inflammation in the perinatal period as seen following hypoxic-ischemic brain insults. Moreover, these protective effects appear to be more robust when administered shortly (<48 h) after preterm birth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic and therapeutic insights in individuals with persistent post-dural puncture headache: A cross-sectional study.
Headache
September 2024
Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a frequent complication following lumbar puncture, epidural analgesia, or neuraxial anesthesia. The International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition categorizes PDPH as a self-limiting condition; however, emerging evidence, including our findings, suggests that PDPH can have a prolonged course, challenging this traditional view.
Objectives: To elucidate the diagnostic characteristics and treatment outcomes of persistent PDPH (pPDPH), offering insights into its demographic profiles and diagnostic features.
Carotid Sinus Syndrome With Convulsive Syncope in a Patient With Head and Neck Cancer.
Cureus
June 2024
Internal Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * The patient's laryngeal cancer caused lymphedema that compressed the carotid arteries, leading to symptoms like hypotension and bradycardia, which were managed with atropine and a pacemaker, although he eventually continued treatment with non-invasive theophylline.
- * The report highlights the rarity of CSS in head and neck malignancies and stresses the need for further research to improve understanding and treatment options for managing CSS in these patients, as current evidence is limited.
Long Term Remission of Capillary Leak Syndrome Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy with Progression to Multiple Myeloma After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation: a Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Oncol Ther
March 2024
Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain.
Background: Clarkson's disease is a very rare entity characterised by acute episodes of systemic oedema and severe hypotension associated with paraproteinaemia. Its classical treatment relies on methylxanthine combined with terbutaline. Although this prophylactic therapy reduces the mortality rate, relapses are frequent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Potential of Theophylline and Pentoxifylline in Sperm Optimization and Its Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Outcomes.
Cureus
November 2023
Pathology, Datta Meghe Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Nagpur, IND.
Sperm motility is an essential selection criteria by embryologists at the time of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). One method of testing sperm viability is to induce sperm motility by increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels by treating a semen sample with phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), such as theophylline and pentoxifylline. It explores the implications of PDEI in medical care, reflecting on its effects in clinical settings and recognizing potential topics for future exploration.
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