Both nitrofurantoin-sensitive and nitrofurantoin-resistant strains of Vibrio el tor were found to lyze in the presence of Tris-EDTA at alkaline pH. The rate of lysis was appreciably enhanced by lysozyme. The amounts of intracellular components, viz. proteins and carbohydrates, released from the nitrofurantoin-sensitive strain by Tris-EDTA treatment, were significantly lower than those from the nitrofurantoin-resistant strain. Differences in periplasmic proteins released from Tris-EDTA treated cells of nitrofurantoin-resistant and -sensitive strains were revealed by gel electrophoresis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02877380 | DOI Listing |
Int J Antimicrob Agents
September 2024
Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Objectives: Nitrofurantoin is recommended as first-line therapy for the optimal treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by enterococci and Escherichia coli. However, the mechanisms of nitrofurantoin resistance in enterococci have not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of nitrofurantoin resistance in E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmSystems
January 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Nitrofurantoin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by the problematic multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogen . The present study aims to elucidate the mechanism of nitrofurantoin action and high-level resistance in using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), qPCR analysis, mutation structural modeling and untargeted metabolomic analysis. WGS profiling of evolved highly resistant mutants (nitrofurantoin minimum inhibitory concentrations > 256 mg/L) revealed modified expression of several genes related to membrane transport (porin and efflux pump regulator ) and nitroreductase activity ( and , involved in nitrofurantoin reduction).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Evol
January 2023
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Experimental evolution studies have shown that weak antibiotic selective pressures (i.e., when the antibiotic concentrations are far below the minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) can select resistant mutants, raising several unanswered questions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antimicrob Chemother
February 2023
Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK.
Background: Nitrofurantoin has been re-introduced as a first-choice antibiotic to treat uncomplicated acute urinary tract infections in England and Wales. Highly effective against common uropathogens such as Escherichia coli, its use is accompanied by a low incidence (<10%) of antimicrobial resistance. Resistance to nitrofurantoin is predominantly via the acquisition of loss-of-function, step-wise mutations in the nitroreductase genes nfsA and nfsB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Microbiol
April 2021
Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, India.
Nitrofurantoin is one of the preferred antibiotics in the treatment of uropathogenic multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections. However, resistance to nitrofurantoin in extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria has severely limited the treatment options. Information related to co-resistance or collateral sensitivity (CS) with reference to nitrofurantoin resistant bacteria is limited.
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