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Anaerobic gut fungi (AGF) were the last phylum to be identified within the rumen microbiome and account for 7-9% of microbial biomass. They produce potent lignocellulases that degrade recalcitrant plant cell walls, and rhizoids that can penetrate the cuticle of plant cells, exposing internal components to other microbiota. Interspecies H transfer between AGF and rumen methanogenic archaea is an essential metabolic process in the rumen that occurs during the reduction of CO to CH by methanogens.

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Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by the gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium, Clostridium perfringens, results in an estimated $6 billion in annual economic losses to the global poultry industry. C. perfringens is part of the normal microflora of the poultry gastrointestinal tract, but damage to the intestinal epithelium can lead to increased cell proliferation and production of toxins which gives rise to disease.

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Low Reproductivity of Giant Pandas May Be Associated with Increased Vaginal .

Microorganisms

December 2024

Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu 610081, China.

The poor reproductive capacity of giant pandas significantly hinders the development of captive populations, with 80.88% of adult individuals being unable to successfully become pregnant and deliver offspring. The disturbance of vaginal microbiota has been proven to potentially lead to miscarriage, abortion, and stillbirth in mammals.

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Dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal tract is the most common cause of disease in childhood and adulthood. The formation of the intestinal microbiome begins in utero, and composition modification during life depends mainly on various genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. The main cause of intestinal dysbiosis is improper nutrition due to a short period of breastfeeding, insufficient intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, and/or consumption of a large amount of processed food.

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The gut microbiota influences the reactivity of the immune system, and has emerged as an anti-inflammatory commensal. Here, we investigated whether its lysate could prevent severe forms of neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice and how this preventive strategy affects the gut microbiota and immune response. Lysate of anaerobically cultured (Pd lysate) was orally administered to C57BL/6 mice in four weekly doses.

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