The submaxillary gland of mouse contains a renin-like enzyme which represents as much as 5% of the total protein content. Its physico-chemical and enzymatic characteristics are similar to those of renal renin. Recently, the amino-acid sequence of the submaxillary pre-prorenin molecule has been deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the renin structural gene. A model for pre-prorenin processing into active renin has been proposed. Comparison of the structures of mouse submaxillary renin and of aspartyl proteases shows that renin belongs to this class of proteins and shares a similar catalytic site. Although the structure of renal renin is not yet known, preliminary studies suggest that the renal pro-enzyme is processed as the submaxillary enzyme. However, glycosylation would occur in the case of renal renin, whereas submaxillary renin is not glycosylated. Genetic studies and DNA hybridization experiments in mouse with high or low renin content in the submaxillary gland show that submaxillary renin in high renin producing strains results from a gene duplication. Submaxillary renin is therefore an isoenzyme and a useful model for the study of renal renin.
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Renin similar to the submaxillary gland form is expressed in mouse mesangial cells: subcellular localization and all generation under control and glucose-stimulated conditions.
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Several studies have demonstrated that mice are polymorphic for the number of renin genes, with some inbred strains harboring one gene (Ren-1(c)) and other strains containing two genes (Ren-1(d) and Ren-2). In this study, the effects of 1% salt and deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)/salt were investigated in one- and two-renin gene mice, for elucidation of the role of renin in the modulation of BP, cardiac, and renal responses to salt and DOCA. The results demonstrated that, under baseline conditions, mice with two renin genes exhibited 10-fold higher plasma renin activity, 100-fold higher plasma renin concentrations, elevated BP (which was angiotensin II-dependent), and an increased cardiac weight index, compared with one-renin gene mice (all P < 0.
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Unité de Géétique et Biochimie du Développement, Paris, France.
Inbred strains of mice, which produce high levels of submaxillary gland (SMG) renin have two renin genes, Ren 1 and Ren 2, per haploid genome, while strains with low levels of SMG renin have only the Ren 1 gene. Ren 1 codes for a glycosylated protein and Ren 2 codes for a highly homologous but unglycosylated and less thermostable protein. In order to determine if this difference in thermostability is related to the absence of glycosylation of renin-2 and/or to some amino acid difference between both renins we have compared the thermostability of renin-2 and a renin-2 mutant containing two potential N-glycosylation sites added by in vitro mutagenesis.
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