Because of rapid technologic advances, clearly defined clinical indications, and widespread availability, computed tomography of the lungs, pleura, and chest wall has become increasingly important in the imaging and subsequent management of numerous thoracic disorders. This article describes the current indications, common findings, and potential controversies in CT of the lung, pleura, and chest wall.
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Front Oncol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare non-malignant disorder characterized by excessive proliferation of histiocytes, the cause of which remains unknown. Although the lymph nodes are the most commonly affected site, some patients may present with extranodal involvement, particularly in the skin, nasal cavity, eyes, and bones. In this report, we aim to present a unique case of RDD with pleural involvement in a 61-year-old patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotochem Photobiol
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown promise as an adjuvant treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma when combined with surgical resection. Accurate light dosimetry is critical for treatment efficacy. This study presents an improved method for analyzing light fluence distribution in pleural PDT using a standardized anatomical coordinate system and advanced computational modeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThorax
January 2025
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Background: Sampling of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) abutting the pleura carries a higher risk of pneumothorax and complications. Although typically performed with image-guided transthoracic biopsy, the advent of shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB) provides an alternative diagnostic procedure for this subtype of lesions.
Methods: A retrospective study on PPL attached to the peripheral pleura (PP), comprising costal and diaphragmatic pleura, mediastinal pleura (MP), and fissural pleura (FP) sampled by ssRAB, from January 2020 to December 2023.
J Thorac Dis
December 2024
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Background: Spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) has been reported to be associated with osteosarcoma lung metastases, but the computed tomography (CT) characteristics of lung metastases in patients with pneumothorax have not been comprehensively described. The study aimed to describe the CT characteristics of lung metastases in patients with osteosarcoma and to identify factors associated with SP.
Methods: This study comprised 123 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma lung metastasis at our hospital between January 2016 and December 2021.
J Thorac Dis
December 2024
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Chest computed tomography (CT) is the most frequently performed imaging examination worldwide. Compared with chest radiography, chest CT greatly improves the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of chest lesions because of the absence of overlapping structures and is the best imaging technique for the observation of chest lesions. However, there are still frequently missed diagnoses during the interpretation process, especially in certain areas or "blind spots", which may possibly be overlooked by radiologists.
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