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IgG4-related disease: lessons from the first 20 years.

Rheumatology (Oxford)

March 2025

Harvard Medical School, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, The Edward A. Fox Chair in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Executive Chairman, The IgG4ward! Foundation, Boston, MA, USA.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic immune-mediated fibroinflammatory disease that is believed but not confirmed to have an autoimmune origin. Since its discovery nearly two decades ago, our understanding of its pathophysiology and clinical manifestations has grown substantially. Early diagnosis and treatment of this elusive disease can prevent substantial organ damage from end-stage fibrosis.

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Allergen Immunotherapy in Autoimmune Terrain: A Case Study.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

January 2025

Department of Endocrinology, Joshi Clinic, Mumbai, India.

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), or specific immunotherapy (SIT), is an effective treatment for inducing immune tolerance to specific allergens. It is widely used for allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, and Hymenoptera venom allergies, with recent applications to food allergies and atopic dermatitis. Despite its benefits, the use of SIT in patients with autoimmune diseases is controversial due to concerns about its potential to induce or exacerbate autoimmune conditions.

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Background: As a first-line therapeutic option for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with surging demand, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is associated with escalating costs and supply shortages, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. This study compares the effectiveness of methylprednisolone alone versus IVIG combined with methylprednisolone for managing MIS-C.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2022 to June 2023 at Vietnam National Children's Hospital.

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Introduction: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) can improve clinical outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and eosinophilic airway inflammation, but they also increase the risk of side effects like pneumonia. Blood eosinophils guide ICS use, though evidence is limited. The predictors of treatment REsponse to ICS in COPD: a randomised controlled trials (RCTs) individual participant Data re-Evaluation (ICS-RECODE) research programme will leverage data from large RCTs to identify patients who benefit most from ICS with minimal risk.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in treating pediatric functional constipation (FC) and to explore its mechanisms by analyzing changes in serum neurotransmitters and gut microbiota. This was a prospective cohort study conducted on 60 children aged 4-14 years diagnosed with FC. Participants were divided into two groups, namely, one receiving TENS therapy three times a week for 4 weeks and the control group receiving lactulose.

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