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Anti-cholinergics mecamylamine and scopolamine alleviate motion sickness-induced gastrointestinal symptoms through both peripheral and central actions.
Neuropharmacology
March 2019
Department of Nautical Injury Prevention, Faculty of Navy Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Enhanced cholinergic activity contributes to the production of complex autonomic manifestations of motion sickness (MS). However, whether anti-cholinergics exert their anti-MS effects through central or peripheral actions remained unclarified. In the present study, we investigated the effects of mecamylamine (MEC) and scopolamine (SCOP) on rotation-induced gastrointestinal symptoms (conditioned gaping and defecation), locomotion disturbances (hypoactivity and impaired balance performance), hypothermia as well as Fos expression in vestibulo-autonomic regions in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical evidence that the vestibular system participates in autonomic control.
J Vestib Res
February 1998
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA.
The vestibular system, including both the peripheral vestibular system, that is, the labyrinth, and the central vestibular system, is known to influence autonomic function in several ways that have clinical implications. This paper discusses evidence for vestibular influences on autonomic control from normal human subjects, evidence for vestibular influences on autonomic control from patients, clinical implications of vestibulo-autonomic regulation, and speculations regarding possible clinical implications of vestibulo-autonomic control. Situations that provoke vestibular-induced autonomic responses in normal subjects include vestibular laboratory testing, vehicular motion, simulators, and, possibly, exposure to microgravity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVestibular nucleus projections to nucleus tractus solitarius and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve: potential substrates for vestibulo-autonomic interactions.
Exp Brain Res
September 1994
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Eye and Ear Institute, PA 15213.
Autonomic effects of vestibular stimulation are important components of phenomena as diverse as acute vestibular dysfunction and motion sickness. However, the organization of neural circuits mediating these responses is poorly understood. This study presents evidence for direct vestibular nucleus projections to brain stem regions that mediate autonomic function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Activity of the sympathetico-adrenal system in humans during modeling of weightlessness].
Kosm Biol Aviakosm Med
June 1989
The state of the sympathico-adrenal system (SAS) before and during three days of suited immersion was investigated in six male subjects on the basis of renal excretion of adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and DOPA according to Vasilyev. Computer-aided analysis of the experimental data by the method of principal components showed that the SAS was functionally stressed in all subjects. Suited immersion that simulated hemodynamic, metabolic and vestibulo-motor effects of microgravity helped to distinguish between men with sustained and lowered capabilities of the SAS which are largely determined by the A-, NA-, and mixed type of its function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of biofeedback control on motion sickness symptoms was investigated in 27 test subjects with different susceptibility who had been trained to regulate their skin resistance and skin temperature. The efficacy of two schemes was compared: scheme 1 - transfer of controlling abilities, and scheme 2 - application of biofeedback during vestibular stimulation. Use of either scheme inhibited significantly the severity of motion sickness symptoms in moderate susceptibility individuals; in other words, this decreased respiratory arrhythmia, skin galvanic response, heart rate and objective motion sickness manifestations, i.
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