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Inhibition of CFTR-mediated intestinal chloride secretion by nornidulin: Cellular mechanisms and anti-secretory efficacy in human intestinal epithelial cells and human colonoids.
PLoS One
December 2024
Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bang Phli, Samut Prakarn, Thailand.
Secretory diarrhea, a major global health concern, particularly among young children, is often characterized by excessive chloride secretion through the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel. Nornidulin, a fungus-derived natural product from Aspergillus unguis, has previously been shown to inhibit cAMP-induced Cl- secretion in T84 cells (human intestinal cell lines). However, the cellular mechanism of nornidulin in inhibiting cAMP-induced Cl- secretion and its anti-secretory efficacy is still unknown especially in a human colonoid model, a preclinical model recapitulating intestinal physiology in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancement of olfaction by femtomolar concentrations of zinc ions.
Neurosci Lett
September 2022
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hyotan-machi ENT Clinic, Hyotan-machi 2-13, Kanazawa 920-0845, Japan. Electronic address:
Zinc is recognized as an important element for olfaction. Zinc nanoparticles enhance olfaction in response to odors; however, the mechanisms underlying this action remain unknown. Herein, the effect of zinc on olfactory receptors was deduced using electro-olfactogram (EOG) responses recorded from the isolated olfactory mucosae of bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) following the administration or chelation of zinc ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of the ganglioside recognition profile of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin LT-IIc.
Glycobiology
April 2022
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
The heat-labile enterotoxins of Escherichia coli and cholera toxin of Vibrio cholerae are related in structure and function. Each of these oligomeric toxins is comprised of one A polypeptide and five B polypeptides. The B-subunits bind to gangliosides, which are followed by uptake into the intoxicated cell and activation of the host's adenylate cyclase by the A-subunits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFcAMP-Independent Activation of the Unfolded Protein Response by Cholera Toxin.
Infect Immun
January 2021
Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
Cholera toxin (CT) is an AB protein toxin that activates the stimulatory alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein (Gsα) through ADP-ribosylation. Activation of Gsα produces a cytopathic effect by stimulating adenylate cyclase and the production of cAMP. To reach its cytosolic Gsα target, CT binds to the plasma membrane of a host cell and travels by vesicle carriers to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Tissue-Engineered Human Psoriatic Skin Model to Investigate the Implication of cAMP in Psoriasis: Differential Impacts of Cholera Toxin and Isoproterenol on cAMP Levels of the Epidermis.
Int J Mol Sci
July 2020
Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada.
Pathological and healthy skin models were reconstructed using similar culture conditions according to well-known tissue engineering protocols. For both models, cyclic nucleotide enhancers were used as additives to promote keratinocytes' proliferation. Cholera toxin (CT) and isoproterenol (ISO), a beta-adrenergic agonist, are the most common cAMP stimulators recommended for cell culture.
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