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Diagnostic accuracy of GeneXpert in the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Narra J
August 2024
Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia.
Tuberculosis remains a significant global health issue, with spinal tuberculosis being a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Despite the high morbidity associated with spinal tuberculosis, effective and rapid diagnostic methods are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the GeneXpert compared to other microbiological methods in diagnosing spinal tuberculosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical outcomes of lung transplant recipients with pre-transplant Mycobacterium avium complex infection.
Transpl Infect Dis
October 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Background: Lung transplant recipients (LTRs) are at risk for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections, in part due to the presence of structural lung disease pre-transplant and relatively higher levels of immunosuppression post-transplant. There is a lack of data regarding outcomes of LTR with MAC infections pre-transplant.
Methods: This is a single-center retrospective analysis of patients who received lung transplants (LTs) from 2013 to 2020 with 1) evidence of MAC on culture or polymerase chain reaction before or at the time of transplant or 2) granulomas on explant pathology and positive acid-fast bacillus stains with no other mycobacteria identified.
Detection of caprine paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in pre- and post-vaccinated herds: morphological diagnosis, lesion grading, and bacterial identification.
Front Vet Sci
July 2024
Division of Animal Histology and Pathology, Veterinary School, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- A study examined mesenteric lymph nodes and ileocecal valves from 105 goats (61 non-vaccinated, 44 vaccinated) with a history of paratuberculosis (PTB) to assess the presence of subclinical infections and lesions.
- Results revealed that 39% of the goats had gross PTB-compatible lesions, with a higher prevalence in non-vaccinated goats compared to vaccinated ones.
- The research highlighted the importance of using both histopathological assessments and laboratory techniques to accurately diagnose PTB, but calls for further research to improve sampling methods for subclinical cases in goats.
Background: Around 500 000 people worldwide develop rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis each year. The proportion of successful treatment outcomes remains low and new treatments are needed. Following an interim analysis, we report the final safety and efficacy outcomes of the TB-PRACTECAL trial, evaluating the safety and efficacy of oral regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunosuppression and Opportunistic Infections: A Rare Case Report of Nocardia Osteomyelitis of the Pelvis.
Cureus
September 2023
Hospital Medicine, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, USA.
Patients with a long-standing history of immunosuppression are at significantly increased risk of opportunistic infections. One such group of organisms that may cause these types of infections includes the genus, a gram-positive, filamentous rod that demonstrates a branching pattern, is urease-producing and has acid-fast properties. The disease profile of varies with manifestations ranging from cutaneous infection to severe pulmonary or central nervous system (CNS) infections, and rarely, osteomyelitis.
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