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Ventilation and features of the lung environment dynamically alter modeled intrapulmonary aerosol exposure from inhaled electronic cigarettes.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1690, USA.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) fundamentally differ from tobacco cigarettes in their generation of liquid-based aerosols. Investigating how e-cig aerosols behave when inhaled into the dynamic environment of the lung is important for understanding vaping-related exposure and toxicity. A ventilated artificial lung model was developed to replicate the ventilatory and environmental features of the human lung and study their impact on the characteristics of inhaled e-cig aerosols from simulated vaping scenarios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicological investigation of bisphenol A and its derivates on human breast epithelial (MCF-10A) cells.
Toxicol In Vitro
December 2024
Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Sivas, Turkey.
Bisphenols can enter the body, where they have potential adverse effects on human health, via different routes such as inhalation, dermally or orally. They are known as endocrine disrupting chemicals that activate signaling pathways by mimicking the estrogen actions. In this study, we aimed to investigate effects of bisphenol A (BPA), and its analogues bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) on MCF-10A cells and their impact mechanisms on autophagy, apoptosis and reduced glutathion levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of a dual PM sampling and direct exposure system incorporated an in vitro air-liquid interface culture method: Application to the northern Thailand haze season.
Environ Pollut
December 2024
Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand. Electronic address:
Exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with several noncommunicable diseases, and it adversely affects the respiratory system and other organ systems. Several studies have investigated the underlying mechanisms of biological response to air pollutants using conventional techniques, but there is a lack of research on the effects of air pollution at the cellular level. This study developed a dual system that combines PM (particulate matter <2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironmental factors ultraviolet a and ozone exacerbate the repeated inhalation toxicity of 6PPD in mice via accelerating the aging reaction.
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China. Electronic address:
The burden of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its oxidized products on human health can no longer be ignored due to the detection types and concentrations in the environment continue to increase. Environmental ozone (O) and ultraviolet A (UVA) may induce ozonation and photoaging of 6PPD to produce toxic products. However, the impact of specific environmental conditions on the aging and toxic effects of 6PPD is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative efficacy and safety of treatment regimens for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in people living with HIV - A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Clin Microbiol Infect
December 2024
BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. Electronic address:
Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is a serious opportunistic infection in people living with HIV (PWH) who have low CD4 counts. Despite its side effects, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is currently considered the primary treatment for PCP.
Objectives: To compare the efficacy (treatment-failure and mortality) and tolerability (treatment change) of PCP treatment-regimens with a frequentist network meta-analysis (NMA).
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