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Improved accuracy of delayed cerebral ischemia diagnosis with plasma nitric oxide synthase 3, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α.
J Neurosurg
January 2025
4Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Objective: The pathophysiology of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is not fully elucidated. The lack of accurate diagnostic tools increases the probability of delayed diagnosis and timely treatment. The authors assessed the relationship of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (F2-IsoP) and oxidative stress biomarkers, nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), with DCI after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCryo-EM structure and regulation of human NAD kinase.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Atelier de Biologie Chimie Informatique Structurale, Centre de Biologie Structurale, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 29 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpellier, France.
Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is a crucial reducing cofactor for reductive biosynthesis and protection from oxidative stress. To fulfill their heightened anabolic and reductive power demands, cancer cells must boost their NADPH production. Progrowth and mitogenic protein kinases promote the activity of cytosolic NAD kinase (NADK), which produces NADP, a limiting NADPH precursor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe functional connotations of iron deficiency-effect on neutrophil oxidative burst activity in preschool children.
Am J Blood Res
December 2024
Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Delhi, India.
Unlabelled: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) makes an individual prone to bacterial infections. The antimicrobial defence mechanism of neutrophils is orchestrated by Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Hydrogen (NADPH) oxidative burst which is iron-dependent. The few previous studies documenting a decrease in neutrophil oxidative burst in iron-deficient children have been based mainly on the Nitro blue tetrazolium test (NBT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolydatin enhances oxaliplatin-induced cell death by activating NOX5-ROS-mediated DNA damage and ER stress in colon cancer cells.
Front Pharmacol
January 2025
The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Polydatin (3,4',5-trihydroxy-3-β-d-glucopyranoside, PD) is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxaliplatin (OXA)-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for metastatic and recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the lack of selectivity for normal cells often results in side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial NAD deficiency in vascular smooth muscle impairs collagen III turnover to trigger thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Nat Cardiovasc Res
January 2025
Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm poses a substantial mortality risk in adults, yet many of its underlying factors remain unidentified. Here, we identify mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)⁺ deficiency as a causal factor for the development of aortic aneurysm. Multiomics analysis of 150 surgical aortic specimens indicated impaired NAD salvage and mitochondrial transport in human thoracic aortic aneurysm, with expression of the NAD transporter SLC25A51 inversely correlating with disease severity and postoperative progression.
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