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PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Botany, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Cowpea is deemed as a food security crop due to its ability to produce significant yields under conditions where other staples fail. Its resilience in harsh environments; such as drought, heat and marginal soils; along with its nitrogen-fixing capabilities and suitability as livestock feed make cowpea a preferred choice in many farming systems across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Despite its importance, Cowpea yields in farmers' fields remain suboptimal, primarily due to biotic and abiotic factors and the use of either unimproved varieties or improved varieties that are not well-suited to local conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Phytol
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
The partitioning of photosynthate among various forest carbon pools is a key process regulating long-term carbon sequestration, with allocation to aboveground woody biomass carbon (AGBC) in particular playing an outsized role in the global carbon cycle due to its slow residence time. However, directly estimating the fraction of gross primary productivity (GPP) that goes to AGBC has historically been difficult and time-consuming, leaving us with persistent uncertainties. We used an extensive dataset of tree-ring chronologies co-located at flux towers to assess the coupling between AGBC and GPP, calculate the fraction of fixed carbon that is allocated to AGBC, and understand the drivers of variability in this fraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Dermatopathol
February 2025
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune bullous diseases mediated by autoantibodies most often of the immunoglobulin G class, subclasses immunoglobulin G1, and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), directed against desmosomal adhesion proteins of keratinocytes. This study aimed to evaluate IgG4 immunoreactivity on paraffin sections using immunohistochemistry in patients with pemphigus as a diagnostic test. Fifty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with pemphigus were selected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 3PL, UK.
This study investigates the flow field around a finite rectangular prism using both experimental and computational methods, with a particular focus on the influence of the turbulence approach adopted, the mesh resolution employed, and different subgrid length scales. Ten turbulence modelling and simulation approaches, including both 'scale-modelling' Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models and 'scale-resolving' Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES), were tested across six different mesh resolutions. A case with sharp corners allows the location of the flow separation to be fixed, which facilitates a focus on the separated flow region and, in this instance, the three-dimensional interaction of three such regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
December 2024
School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
The density classification (DC) task, a computation which maps global density information to local density, is studied using one-dimensional non-unitary quantum cellular automata (QCAs). Two approaches are considered: one that preserves the number density and one that performs majority voting. For number-preserving DC, two QCAs are introduced that reach the fixed-point solution in a time scaling quadratically with the system size.
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