Experiments on rabbits with infiltrates induced by intracutaneous injection of staphylococcal culture were made to examine the content of cyclic nucleotides in the adjacent muscle tissue under the effect of administering ampiox alone or combined with guanosine triphosphate (GTP). Combined injection of ampiox and GTP to the infected animals produced a considerable elevation in the content of cAMP (more than 2 1/2-fold) and in the cAMP/cGMP ratio along with a beneficial therapeutic effect. The possible mechanisms of action of the agents administered are discussed.
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January 2025
School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a crucial coenzyme in cellular metabolism and is implicated in various diseases. This work introduces an electrochemical bioanalytical method utilizing solution-phase formate dehydrogenase (CbFDH) for detecting its oxidized form (NAD) in human blood plasma samples. The detection mechanism involves the catalytic conversion of NAD to NADH, facilitated by CbFDH in the presence of formate.
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January 2025
Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
Unraveling the signaling roles of intermediate complexes is pivotal for G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) drug development. Despite hundreds of GPCR-Gαβγ structures, these snapshots primarily capture the fully activated complex. Consequently, the functions of intermediate GPCR-G protein complexes remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiology (Basel)
January 2025
Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Intravenously transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to interact with endothelial cells and to migrate to tissues. However, intracellular signals regulating MSC migration are still incompletely understood. Here, we analyzed the role of Rap1 GTPase in the migration of human bone marrow-derived MSCs in vitro and in short-term homing in mice in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
Bacterial cell division and plant chloroplast division require selfassembling Filamentous temperature-sensitive Z (FtsZ) proteins. FtsZ proteins are GTPases sharing structural and biochemical similarities with eukaryotic tubulin. In the moss Physcomitrella, the morphology of the FtsZ polymer networks varies between the different FtsZ isoforms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiophys J
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The James Franck Institute, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States. Electronic address:
Microtubules (MTs) constitute the largest components of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton and play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including mitosis and intracellular transport. The property allowing MTs to cater to such diverse roles is attributed to dynamic instability, which is coupled to the hydrolysis of GTP (guanosine-5'-triphosphate) to GDP (guanosine-5'-diphosphate) within the β-tubulin monomers. Understanding the equilibrium dynamics and the structural features of both GDP- and GTP-complexed MT tips, especially at an all-atom level, remains challenging for both experimental and computational methods because of their dynamic nature and the prohibitive computational demands of simulating large, many-protein systems.
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