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Article Synopsis
  • Bluetongue virus serotype 3 (BTV-3) was detected in Portugal's Alentejo region in September 2024, first identified in a sheep showing severe symptoms like head swelling and respiratory issues.
  • Two cases were confirmed within the same area, leading to high mortality rates in affected livestock.
  • In light of the rapid spread of BTV-3, monitoring and vaccination campaigns are underway to protect livestock health and control the virus's transmission.
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Challenges of BTV-Group Specific Serology Testing: No One Test Fits All.

Viruses

November 2024

The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, 5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong, VIC 3219, Australia.

A newly formatted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to bluetongue virus (BTV) was developed and validated for bovine and ovine sera and plasma. Validation of the new sandwich ELISA (sELISA) was achieved with 949 negative bovine and ovine sera from BTV endemic and non-endemic areas of Australia and 752 BTV positive (field and experimental) sera verified by VNT and/or PCR. The test diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and diagnostic specificity (DSp) were 99.

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Culicoides and midge-associated arboviruses on cattle farms in Yunnan Province, China.

Parasite

November 2024

Yunnan Tropical and Subtropical Animal Virus Diseases Laboratory, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Fengyu Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China - Key Laboratory of Transboundary Animal Diseases Prevention and Control (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fengyu Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China.

Article Synopsis
  • - Culicoides spp., small biting midges, are important vectors of viruses like African horse sickness and bluetongue that affect livestock; a study in Yunnan Province, China examined their diversity and abundance on two cattle farms from March 2022 to March 2023.
  • - Light traps collected 19 species of Culicoides, with C. oxystoma being the most prevalent, making up over 63% of the total 8,343 specimens; 10 species were screened for several viruses using RT-qPCR.
  • - Notably, one strain of Yunnan Orbivirus was isolated from cattle blood, and the first connection between a totivirus (YSToV) and Culicoides was found
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Article Synopsis
  • Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are viruses spread by biting midges that cause serious diseases in ruminants, and they circulate in different forms (serotypes).
  • A new EHDV strain (serotype 8) was first found in Tunisia in 2021 and later identified in cattle in Italy, Spain, Portugal, and France in 2022, where BTV is already a concern.
  • Researchers developed a TaqMan RT-qPCR assay that efficiently detects and differentiates BTV and EHDV, providing a quick and cost-effective method for diagnosis, aiding in better surveillance and control of these diseases.
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Exceptional Bluetongue virus (BTV) and Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) circulation in France in 2023.

Virus Res

December 2024

ANSES/INRAE/ENVA-UPEC, UMR 1161 Virology, Laboratoire de santé animale, 14 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.

Article Synopsis
  • - Bluetongue (BT) and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD) are important animal diseases impacting cattle and sheep, caused by viruses transmitted by biting midges, with recent outbreaks noted in France during the summer of 2023.
  • - Genomic analysis revealed three viruses involved in the outbreaks: EHDV-8, which matches strains found in southern Europe since 2021, and two different strains of BTV, including a novel BTV-8 strain and an established BTV-4 strain.
  • - The 2023 outbreaks indicate unusual dynamics in the circulation and emergence of these viruses in France, prompting further investigation into the epidemiological factors contributing to their spread.
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