The genetic map of plasmid RP4 was correlated with its adenine+thymine (AT) map. For this purpose, RP4 DNA was digested with one or both of the restriction enzymes EcoRI and HindIII and the resulting linear RP4 molecules and fragments were partially denatured, examined in the electron microscope and their AT maps were determined using a computer program. From these AT maps the EcoRI and HindIII restriction sites were located on the AT map of RP4. Since the positions of these restriction sites on the genetic map of RP4 are known, the maps could be compared. They revealed a high AT content for the Tn1 transposon and the kanamycin resistance gene. The tra-1 region is also distinguished by a sharply defined AT-rich region, whereas tra-2 and the tetracycline resistance gene have an AT content which is not distinctly different from the average AT content of RP4.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-117-1-135 | DOI Listing |
J Hazard Mater
January 2025
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China. Electronic address:
The production scalability and increasing demand for black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) inevitably lead to environmental leakage. Although BPNSs' ecotoxicological effects have been demonstrated, their indirect health risks, such as inducing increased resistance in pathogenic bacteria, are often overlooked. This study explores the influence of BPNSs on the horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) facilitated by the RP4 plasmid, which carries multiple resistance genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, PR China.
The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) poses global environmental issues, and plasmid-mediated conjugation contributes substantially to the spread of ARGs. Quorum sensing (QS), an important cell-cell communication system that coordinates group behaviors, has potential as a feasible regulation pathway to inhibit the conjugation process. We examined the promoting effects of QS signal on conjugation, and this study is the first to report that QS inhibitors 2(3H)-benzofuranone and acylase I effectively repressed conjugation frequency of RP4 plasmid to 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
November 2024
NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore. Electronic address:
Aquaculture water with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is escalating due to the horizontal gene transfer. Non-antibiotic stressors specifically found, including those from fishery feed and disinfectants, are potential co-selectors. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemosphere
November 2024
Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China. Electronic address:
Antibiotic resistance genes are primarily spread through horizontal gene transfer in aquatic environments. Bisphenols, which are widely used in industry, are pervasive contaminants in such environments. This study investigated how environmentally relevant concentrations of bisphenol A and its substitute (bisphenol S, Bisphenol AP and Bisphenol AF) affect the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among Escherichia coli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Antimicrob Agents
December 2024
College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. Electronic address:
The plasmid-mediated conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) stands out as the primary driver behind the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Developing effective inhibitors that target conjugative transfer represents an potential strategy for addressing the issue of AMR. Here, we studied the effect of acetylshikonin (ASK), a botanical derivative, on plasmid conjugation.
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