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Neuron-associated retroelement-derived protein Arc/Arg3.1 assists in the early stages of alphaherpesvirus infection in human neuronal cells.
PLoS One
December 2024
Laboratory of Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and pseudorabies virus (PRV), are neurotropic double-stranded DNA viruses. Alphaherpesviruses control the expression of various host factors to ensure efficient infection and propagation. Recently, HSV-1 was found to upregulate Arc/Arg3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnraveling clonal CD8 T cell expansion and identification of essential factors in γ-herpesvirus-induced lymphomagenesis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
August 2024
Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine-Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
Alcelaphine gammaherpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) asymptomatically persists in its natural host, the wildebeest. However, cross-species transmission to cattle results in the induction of an acute and lethal peripheral T cell lymphoma-like disease (PTCL), named malignant catarrhal fever (MCF). Our previous findings demonstrated an essential role for viral genome maintenance in infected CD8 T lymphocytes but the exact mechanism(s) leading to lymphoproliferation and MCF remained unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViral and cellular telomerase RNAs possess host-specific anti-apoptotic functions.
Microbiol Spectr
September 2023
Institute of Virology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Human telomerase RNA (hTR) is overexpressed in many cancers and protects T cells from apoptosis in a telomerase-independent manner. The most prevalent cancer in the animal kingdom is caused by the highly oncogenic herpesvirus Marek's disease virus (MDV). MDV encodes a viral telomerase RNA (vTR) that plays a crucial role in MDV-induced tumorigenesis and shares all four conserved functional domains with hTR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurinergic signaling during Marek's disease in chickens.
Sci Rep
February 2023
Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Purinergic receptors (PRs) have been reported as potential therapeutic targets for many viral infections including herpesviruses, which urges the investigation into their role in Marek's disease (MD), a herpesvirus induced cancer in chickens that is an important pathogen for the poultry industry. MD is caused by MD virus (MDV) that has a similar viral life cycle as human varicella zoster virus in that it is shed from infected epithelial skin cells and enters the host through the respiratory route. In this report, PR responses during natural MDV infection and disease progression was examined in MD-resistant white Leghorns (WL) and MD-susceptible Pure Columbian (PC) chickens during natural infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerpesvirus-induced spermidine synthesis and eIF5A hypusination for viral episomal maintenance.
Cell Rep
August 2022
Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Electronic address:
Spermidine is essential for cellular growth and acts as a prerequisite of hypusination, a post-translational modification of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), allowing the translation of polyproline-containing proteins. Here, we show that oncogenic Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) increases spermidine synthesis and eIF5A hypusination to enhance expression of polyproline-containing latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) for viral episomal maintenance. KSHV upregulates intracellular spermidine levels by dysregulating polyamine metabolic pathways in three-dimensional (3D) culture and 2D de novo infection conditions.
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