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Pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis with isolated diaphragmatic involvement in a lung cancer patient: a case report.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother
February 2025
Department of Pulmonology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Immune-related neuromuscular disorders are rare and potentially life-threatening adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) used in the treatment of cancer. They tend to have a chronic course that usually leads to the permanent discontinuation of immunotherapy. We present a case of pembrolizumab-induced myasthenia gravis that only involved the diaphragm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA systematic review of efgartigimod as an effective treatment for myasthenic crisis.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
February 2025
Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Efgartigimod is a neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) inhibitor that primarily diminishes antibody levels by inhibiting antibody (IgG) reabsorption and is noted for its rapid onset of action and low immunogenicity. Currently, efgartigimod is approved for the treatment of anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody-positive generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), yet there are no relevant clinical trials for myasthenic crisis (MC). Consequently, we performed a systematic review of the available literature to evaluate the clinical efficacy of efgartigimod for the treatment of MC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogenesis and detection methods of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in myasthenia gravis.
Immunol Med
February 2025
Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Fuchu, Japan.
Myasthenia gravis (MG), which affects the endplate region of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction, is the best-understood autoimmune disease. MG is driven by anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) or muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase, and 65% of MG patients have anti-AChR-positive generalized MG. Experimental autoimmune MG is a useful model to investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of anti-AChR antibodies and to evaluate the efficacy of new immunotherapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistal muscle weakness as the main onset symptom in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis: a case report and literature review.
Front Immunol
February 2025
Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder within the spectrum of neuromuscular rare diseases, characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness. This report presents a case of a middle-aged woman with a chronic onset of asymmetric upper limb weakness accompanied by difficulty in finger extension, without ptosis or fluctuation for 4 years. The patient was finally diagnosed with MG by a significant decrement of Compound Muscle Action Potential in repetitive nerve stimuli, positive anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies as well as the presence of a mass located in the anterior mediastinum.
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