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Hepatic TM6SF2 activates antitumour immunity to suppress metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-related hepatocellular carcinoma and boosts immunotherapy.
Gut
December 2024
Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Background: Transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) has a protective role against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).
Objective: We aim to investigate the mechanistic role and therapeutic potential of hepatic TM6SF2 in MASLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Design: Hepatocyte-specific knockout ( ) mice were fed with high-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet or diethylnitrosamine plus HFHC diet to induce MASLD-HCC.
Full-course NIR-II imaging-navigated fractionated photodynamic therapy of bladder tumours with X-ray-activated nanotransducers.
Nat Commun
September 2024
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
The poor 5-year survival rate for bladder cancers is associated with the lack of efficient diagnostic and treatment techniques. Despite cystoscopy-assisted photomedicine and external radiation being promising modalities to supplement or replace surgery, they remain invasive or fail to provide real-time navigation. Here, we report non-invasive fractionated photodynamic therapy of bladder cancer with full-course real-time near-infrared-II imaging based on engineered X-ray-activated nanotransducers that contain lanthanide-doped nanoscintillators with concurrent emissions in visible and the second near-infrared regions and conjugated photosensitizers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of tight junction proteins in shaping the immune milieu of malignancies.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
November 2024
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
Introduction: Tight junctions (TJs) and their constituent proteins play pivotal roles in cellular physiology and anatomy by establishing functional boundaries within and between neighboring cells. While the involvement of TJ proteins, such as claudins, in cancer is extensively studied, studies highlighting their interaction with immune system are still meager. Studies indicate that alterations in cytokines and immune cell populations can affect TJ proteins, compromising TJ barrier function and exacerbating pro-inflammatory conditions, potentially leading to epithelial cell malignancy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of an in vivo syngeneic mouse transplant model of invasive intestinal adenocarcinoma driven by endogenous expression of Pik3caH1047R and Apc loss.
PLoS One
August 2024
Department of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Preclinical models that closely mimic patient tumors are essential for advancing cancer research, especially in testing therapies.
- While lab-based (in vitro) models help assess tumor responses, live (in vivo) systems are necessary to study external factors like the immune system and tumor environment, especially for immunotherapies.
- Researchers developed a new transplantable colorectal cancer model using genetically modified mice, allowing for better testing of therapies on different types of tumors with various genetic mutations.
Relevance of Carcinogen-Induced Preclinical Cancer Models.
J Xenobiot
January 2024
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), N. Plastira 100, Vasilika Vouton, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Chemical agents can cause cancer in animals by damaging their DNA, mutating their genes, and modifying their epigenetic signatures. Carcinogen-induced preclinical cancer models are useful for understanding carcinogen-induced human cancers, as they can reproduce the diversity and complexity of tumor types, as well as the interactions with the host environment. However, these models also have some drawbacks that limit their applicability and validity.
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