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Coordinated regulation of eosinophil production and migration by glucocorticoids, prostaglandins, and cysteinyl-leukotrienes.

Int Immunopharmacol

January 2025

Laboratório de Citocinas Dept. of Immunology Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Góes Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil.

Introduction: The spectrum of eosinophil functions has expanded from fighting helminths to multiple novel roles in malignancy, infection, cancer, and metabolism. In asthma, glucocorticoids, prostaglandins (PG), and cysteinyl-leukotrienes (LT) regulate eosinophil biology through separate signaling pathways. Here we've evaluated the complex interplay between Dexa, PGE2, and CysLTs in eosinopoiesis and eosinophil biology in an allergic asthma model.

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Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a disordered pulmonary disease characterized by acute respiratory insufficiency with tachypnea, cyanosis refractory to oxygen and diffuse alveolar infiltrates. Despite increased research into ALI, current clinical treatments lack effectiveness. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has shown potential in ALI treatment, and understanding its effects on the pulmonary microenvironment and its underlying mechanisms is imperative.

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Objectives: To explore the mechanism by which histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) regulates steroid-induced apoptosis of mouse osteocyte-like MLO-Y4 cells.

Methods: MLY-O4 cells were treated with 400 nmol/L trichostatin A (TSA) or 1 mmol/L dexamethasone for 24 h or transfected with a HDAC1-overexpressing vector prior to TSA or dexamethasone treatment. The changes in the expressions of HDAC1, SP1, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, SP1 acetylation level, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis were examined.

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Solid tumors (particularly the desmoplastic ones) usually harbor insurmountable mechanical barriers and formidable immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which severely restricted nanomedicine-penetration and vastly crippled outcomes of numerous therapies. To overcome these barriers, a versatile nanoplatform orchestrated mechanotherapy with chemoimmunotherapy was developed here to simultaneously modulate tumor physical barriers and remodel TME for synergistically enhancing anticancer efficiency. Dexamethasone (DMS) and cis-aconityl-doxorubicin (CAD) were co-hitchhiked into phenylboronic acid functionalized polyethylenimine (PEI-PBA) carrier, and further in situ shielded by aldehyde-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) to form CAD/DMS@PEG/PEI-PBA (CD@PB) nanoparticles (NPs).

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[Berberine regulates glucose and lipid metabolism via clock-controlled genes to ameliorate insulin resistance of hepatocytes].

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi

December 2024

Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiopathogenisis & Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004,China.

This study aims to investigate the mechanism of berberine in regulating the metabolism network via clock-controlled genes represented by brain and muscle arnt-like 1(BMAL1) to ameliorate insulin resistance(IR) of hepatocytes in vitro. The HepG2 cell model of dexamethasone-induced IR(IR-HepG2) was established and treated with 5, 10, and 20 μmol·L~(-1) berberine, respectively, for 24 h. The glucose oxidase method and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay were employed to measure extracellular glucose concentration and cell viability, respectively.

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