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What the clinician should know when ordering a mast cell tryptase test: A review article for the North American practicing clinician.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
March 2025
University Hospital of Reims, Immunology Laboratory, Biology and Pathology Department, Reims, France; University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INSERM UMR 1250, Reims, France. Electronic address:
Tryptase is currently the most specific mast cell biomarker available in clinical laboratories. Tryptase levels in peripheral blood contribute to the diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic evaluation of three clinical categories: (1) immediate hypersensitivity reactions including the life-threatening systemic form known as anaphylaxis, (2) clonal mast cell diseases and other myeloid malignancies, including as a biomarker for efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents targeting mast cell survival, and (3) hereditary α-tryptasemia (HαT), a genetic trait found in 4 - 8% of general population associated to increased risk of severe immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Rapidly evolving pathophysiology knowledge and management guidelines impact tryptase use in clinical practice, explaining the need for frequent updates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal supplementation with α-tocopherol inhibits the development of offspring food allergy, H1R signaling and ultimately anaphylaxis early in life.
J Immunol
February 2025
Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Food allergy has had a rapid rise in prevalence, and thus it is important to identify approaches to limit the development of food allergy early in life. Because maternal dietary supplementation with α-tocopherol (α-T), an isoform of vitamin E, during pregnancy and nursing increases neonate plasma levels of α-T and can limit neonate development of other allergies, we hypothesized that α-T can limit development of food allergy. To assess this, male mice with mutations in their skin barrier genes (FT-/- mice) were mated with wild-type females that received a diet supplemented with α-tocopherol or a control diet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibitory immunoreceptors CD300a and CD300lf cooperate to regulate mast cell activation.
J Immunol
March 2025
Department of Immunology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Mast cells (MCs) play a central role in allergic immune responses. MC activation is regulated by several inhibitory immunoreceptors. The CD300 family members CD300a and CD300lf recognize phospholipid ligands and inhibit the FcεRI-mediated activating signal in MCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDepletion of eosinophils during sensitization but not challenge phase in mice blocks the development of food allergy early in life.
J Immunol
March 2025
Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Food allergy can be life threatening and often develops early in life, especially in infants and children with atopic dermatitis. Food allergy is induced in neonatal mice with skin barrier mutations (Flaky Tail, FT+/- mice with filaggrin and mattrin gene mutations) by epicutaneous sensitization with co-exposures to the food allergen peanut extract (PNE), the environmental allergen Alternaria alternata (Alt), and detergent (4% SDS); oral PNE-challenge induces anaphylaxis. Sensitization in these neonates also induces eosinophil infiltration into the skin and elevates skin expression of eotaxins (CCL11 and CCL24).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom Ampoules to Auto-Injectors: Advancing Anaphylaxis Management in China.
Clin Exp Allergy
March 2025
Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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