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Young Onset Dementia in New South Wales, Australia in 1891: What has Changed Since Then?

Int J Geriatr Psychiatry

September 2024

Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Neuropsychiatry Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigated the prevalence and types of young onset dementia (YOD) in New South Wales, Australia, in 1891, comparing it to 21st-century data to aid future healthcare planning.
  • A total of 161 potential dementia cases were reviewed, with 123 diagnosed as 'probable' dementia, primarily affecting males, and the most common type being 'unspecified dementia.'
  • Key clinical symptoms included neurological signs, psychosis, and agitation, with a significant number of cases either dying in the hospital or being transferred to long-term care facilities.
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to translate the Caveness Questions (CQs), used to assess attitudes toward people with epilepsy, into Japanese (CQs-J) and evaluate its cultural relevance in Japan.
  • - A survey was conducted with 400 participants, focusing on their attitudes towards epilepsy through four specific questions, while also gathering demographic information.
  • - Results revealed varying attitudes based on factors like age, gender, and previous knowledge about epilepsy, highlighting differences in acceptance levels among the participants.
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Background: The stigma toward epilepsy is a daily challenge for people with epilepsy (PWE) and can influence the well-being and prognosis of these individuals. However, the cultural origins of such stigma have sparsely been examined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the classic Persian literature to gain insight into the historical and cultural beliefs and opinions regarding epilepsy as a determinant in developing stigma towards PWE.

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Epilepsy may be associated with automatisms that are classed as 'insane 'as they are deemed to have originated within the mind. 'Sane automatism' is said to occur from external factors, such as physical trauma, while 'insane automatism' is said to be innate to the individual experiencing them. To claim automatism within the context of a criminal matter requires a detailed evaluation of the behavior demonstrated and a questioning of the volitional and purposeful nature of this behavior.

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Culpability for offenses in frontotemporal dementia and other brain disorders.

Int J Law Psychiatry

November 2023

Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, and Neurology Service, Neurobehavior Unit, Los Angeles, CA, United States; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, United States. Electronic address:

The responsibility of persons with brain disorders who commit offenses may depend on how their disorders alter brain mechanisms for culpability. Criminal behavior can result from brain disorders that alter social cognition including a neuromoral system of intuitive moral emotions that are absolute (deontological) normative codes and that includes an emotion-mediated evaluation of intentionality. This neuromoral system has its hub in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) with other frontal, anterior temporal-amygdalar, insular, and right temporoparietal connections.

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