Of 20 isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group, only three were encapsulated (C+) and these induced abscesses in mice. After coinoculation with live, formalized or capsular material from other bacteria seven other isolates formed abscesses. The Bacteroides recovered from these abscesses were C+; those that had been inoculated with Klebsiella had pili-like and bacteriophage-like structures. Once encapsulated, the Bacteroides isolates induced abscesses when injected alone.
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