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Review: myogenic and muscle toxicity targets of environmental methylmercury exposure.
Arch Toxicol
June 2024
Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Article Synopsis
- A variety of environmental toxicants are known to negatively impact motor function, yet muscle's role as a target for these toxins is often overlooked compared to the nervous system.
- While methylmercury (MeHg) is primarily recognized as a neurotoxicant, recent research shows it also affects muscle development and can lead to motor defects, especially with prenatal exposure.
- The study discusses MeHg's impact on skeletal muscle formation and maintenance, highlights the use of alternative model organisms in research, and connects these findings to theories about how early-life exposures can affect health and muscle fitness later in life.
Comment on "New insights into the biomineralization of mercury selenide nanoparticles through stable isotope analysis in giant petrel tissues".
J Hazard Mater
June 2022
Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address:
Some birds and cetaceans can demethylate the toxic methylmercury cysteinate (MeHgCys) complex into inert mercury sulfide (HgSe) through the formation of an intermediate tetrahedral selenolate complex with selenocysteine (Sec) residues (Hg(Sec)). The nucleation of the HgSe biominerals involves the substitution of the Se ligand for the Sec residues, which is considered to occur in the form of multinuclear Hg(Se,Sec) clusters mediated by proteins. Queipo-Abad et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew insights into the biomineralization of mercury selenide nanoparticles through stable isotope analysis in giant petrel tissues.
J Hazard Mater
March 2022
Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l'Environnement et les matériaux, Pau, France.
Tiemannite (HgSe) is considered the end-product of methylmercury (MeHg) demethylation in vertebrates. The biomineralization of HgSe nanoparticles (NPs) is understood to be an efficient MeHg detoxification mechanism; however, the process has not yet been fully elucidated. In order to contribute to the understanding of complex Hg metabolism and HgSe NPs formation, the Hg isotopic signatures of 40 samples of 11 giant petrels were measured.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMercury Isotope Fractionation by Internal Demethylation and Biomineralization Reactions in Seabirds: Implications for Environmental Mercury Science.
Environ Sci Technol
October 2021
Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States.
A prerequisite for environmental and toxicological applications of mercury (Hg) stable isotopes in wildlife and humans is quantifying the isotopic fractionation of biological reactions. Here, we measured stable Hg isotope values of relevant tissues of giant petrels ( spp.).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroligin-1 Is a Mediator of Methylmercury Neuromuscular Toxicity.
Toxicol Sci
November 2021
Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a developmental toxicant capable of eliciting neurocognitive and neuromuscular deficits in children with in utero exposure. Previous research in Drosophila melanogaster uncovered that developmental MeHg exposure simultaneously targets the developing musculature and innervating motor neuron in the embryo, along with identifying Drosophila neuroligin 1 (nlg1) as a gene associated with developmental MeHg sensitivity. Nlg1 and its transsynaptic partner neurexin 1 (Nrx1) are critical for axonal arborization and NMJ maturation.
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