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A study for the genotoxicity assessment of substances containing probiotic candidates in the in vitro TK6 cell micronucleus test: Influence of low pH conditions and antibiotic supplementation on the test results.
Genes Environ
December 2024
Yakult Central Institute, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-Shi, Tokyo, 186-8650, Japan.
Background: When assessing the genotoxicity of substances containing probiotic candidates, such as lactic acid-producing bacteria, using the in vitro micronucleus test (MNT), bacterial growth in the test medium may reduce the pH of the medium. The low medium pH is known to induce cytotoxicity and false-positive results. In the TK6 cell system, it is difficult to completely remove the bacteria from the medium by washing post-treatment, leading to bacterial growth during the recovery period in the short-term treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnosis and clinical management of drug allergies in obstetrics and gynecology: an expert review.
Am J Obstet Gynecol
October 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Drug allergies, especially to antibiotics like penicillin, are common in obstetrics and gynecology, affecting about 10% of the US population and complicating treatment options for infections.
- Using alternative antibiotics due to reported allergies can lead to significant complications such as increased surgery rates, longer hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs, plus a risk of severe reactions like anaphylaxis.
- More than 90% of those who claim a penicillin allergy can actually tolerate it, so allergy evaluations—including patient histories and tests—are recommended to ensure appropriate use of first-line antibiotics during pregnancy and beyond.
The ability in managing reactive oxygen species affects persistence to ampicillin after nutrient shifts.
mSystems
November 2024
Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Unlabelled: Bacterial persistence profoundly impacts biofilms, infections, and antibiotic effectiveness. Persister formation can be substantially promoted by nutrient shift, which commonly exists in natural environments. However, mechanisms that promote persister formation remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotin concentration affects anaplerotic reactions functioning in glutamic acid production in .
Microbiology (Reading)
October 2024
School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how different concentrations of biotin impact two key enzymes (pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase) that play a role in producing glutamic acid in a certain bacterium.
- It finds that under low biotin conditions, the reaction catalyzed by PEPC is the primary contributor to glutamic acid production when induced by substances like Tween 40 and penicillin.
- However, when biotin levels are increased, both enzyme reactions become active, suggesting that biotin concentration influences which pathways are utilized for glutamic acid production.
Flucloxacillin instantly decreases serum levels of valproic acid: A case report.
Br J Clin Pharmacol
November 2024
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
Valproic acid (VPA) is used for epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It has near-complete bioavailability and is primarily metabolized by glucuronosyltransferases and mitochondrial oxidation. This case highlights a 79-year-old male with bipolar disorder on VPA therapy that started with flucloxacillin for Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia and exhibited significantly reduced VPA serum levels.
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