1. Heat production by means of oxygen consumption (Vo2), and enzymatic activity of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) were studied in diurnal (Rhabdomys pumilio) as well as nocturnal (Praomys natalensis) murids, as a response to melatonin treatment. 2. A significant (P less than 0.001) increase in Vo2 was noticed in melatonin treated mice of both species at ambient temperatures of Ta = 6 degrees C, 25 degrees C, 30 degrees C and 34 degrees C, when compared to sham operated mice. A significant (P less than 0.001) increase was also recorded in body temperature (Tb) at Ta = 6 degrees C and 25 degrees C. 3. Enzymatic activity was significantly higher: P less than 0.001 for MDH and LDH in R. pumilio, P less than 0.05 for LDH, and P less tha 0.01 for MDH in P. natalensis, after melatonin administration when compared to sham operated animals.
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