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Deciphering repair pathways of clustered DNA damage in human TK6 cells: insights from atomic force microscopy direct visualization.
Nucleic Acids Res
January 2025
Kansai Institute for Photon Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), 8-1-7 Umemidai, Kizugawa-shi, Kyoto 619-0215, Japan.
Ionizing radiation induces various types of DNA damage, and the reparability and lethal effects of DNA damage differ depending on its spatial density. Elucidating the structure of radiation-induced clustered DNA damage and its repair processes will enhance our understanding of the lethal impact of ionizing radiation and advance progress toward precise therapeutics. Previously, we developed a method to directly visualize DNA damage using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and classified clustered DNA damage into simple base damage clusters (BDCs), complex BDCs and complex double-strand breaks (DSBs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Effect of Metformin on Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis in Mice.
Dose Response
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a common complication of thoracic radiotherapy. Metformin has been suggested to have a radioprotective effect. This study explored the radioprotective effects of metformin on RILF and its mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromosomal instability increases radiation sensitivity.
bioRxiv
September 2024
University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Continuous chromosome missegregation, or chromosomal instability (CIN), is common in cancer and can lead to cell death if levels exceed a certain threshold.* -
- Cancer cells with higher CIN show increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation, as seen in both HPV-positive and negative head and neck cancer models, and laryngeal tumors with high CIN respond better to radiation therapy.* -
- Docetaxel, a chemotherapeutic drug, enhances radiation sensitivity through CIN by creating abnormal cell division (multipolar spindles), challenging previous assumptions about its mechanism and highlighting CIN as a potential biomarker for radiation response in cancer treatment.*
SonoBox: development of a robotic ultrasound tomograph for the ultrasound diagnosis of paediatric forearm fractures.
Front Robot AI
August 2024
Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.
Introduction: Paediatric forearm fractures are a prevalent reason for medical consultation, often requiring diagnostic X-rays that present a risk due to ionising radiation, especially concerning given the sensitivity of children's tissues. This paper explores the efficacy of ultrasound imaging, particularly through the development of the SonoBox system, as a safer, non-ionising alternative. With emerging evidence supporting ultrasound as a viable method for fracture assessment, innovations like SonoBox will become increasingly important.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyroid Cancer in Regions Most Contaminated after the Chernobyl Disaster.
J Biomed Phys Eng
June 2024
Head of the Department of Endocrinology and Radioisotope Therapy, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.
Exposure to ionizing radiation, especially during childhood, is a well-established risk factor for thyroid cancer. Following the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident the total number of cases of thyroid cancer registered between 1991 and 2015 in males and females who were less than 18 years old exceeded 19,000 (in Belarus and Ukraine, and in the most contaminated oblasts of the Russian Federation). However, as indicated by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation the fraction of the incidence of thyroid cancer attributable to radiation exposure among the non-evacuated residents of the contaminated regions of Belarus, Ukraine and Russia is of the order of 0.
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