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Spatially organized striatum-wide acetylcholine dynamics for the learning and extinction of Pavlovian cues and actions.
bioRxiv
July 2024
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Striatal acetylcholine (ACh) has been linked to behavioral flexibility. A key component of flexibility is down-regulating responding as valued cues and actions become decoupled from positive outcomes. We used array fiber photometry in mice to investigate how ACh release across the striatum evolves during learning and extinction of Pavlovian associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCa-dependent phosphodiesterase 1 regulates the plasticity of striatal spiny projection neuron glutamatergic synapses.
Cell Rep
August 2024
Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address:
Long-term synaptic plasticity at glutamatergic synapses on striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) is central to learning goal-directed behaviors and habits. Our studies reveal that SPNs manifest a heterosynaptic, nitric oxide (NO)-dependent form of long-term postsynaptic depression of glutamatergic SPN synapses (NO-LTD) that is preferentially engaged at quiescent synapses. Plasticity is gated by Ca entry through Ca1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of the potential role of glutamatergic, cholinergic, and nitrergic systems in the dopamine release induced by the pesticide glyphosate in rat striatum.
J Appl Toxicol
October 2024
Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- - Glyphosate (GLY), a pesticide, significantly increases dopamine release in the rat dorsal striatum, potentially affecting dopamine neurotransmission despite the exact mechanisms remaining unclear.
- - The study found that the effects of GLY on dopamine release are primarily mediated by NMDA receptors, as blocking these receptors with MK-801 reduced the effect by up to 74%, while other receptor antagonists showed little to no impact.
- - Additionally, nicotinic receptors also play a role, with mecamylamine (a nicotinic antagonist) decreasing the dopamine release effect of GLY by 49%, indicating that further investigation is needed at environmentally relevant concentrations of the pesticide.
Long-term synaptic plasticity at glutamatergic synapses on striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) is central to learning goal-directed behaviors and habits. Although considerable attention has been paid to the mechanisms underlying synaptic strengthening and new learning, little scrutiny has been given to those involved in the attenuation of synaptic strength that attends suppression of a previously learned association. Our studies revealed a novel, non-Hebbian, long-term, postsynaptic depression of glutamatergic SPN synapses induced by interneuronal nitric oxide (NO) signaling (NO-LTD) that was preferentially engaged at quiescent synapses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Roles of the Caudate and Putamen in the Serial Order of Behavior: Effects of Striatal Glutamate Receptor Blockade on Variable versus Fixed Spatial Self-Ordered Sequencing in Marmosets.
eNeuro
March 2024
Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom.
Self-ordered sequencing is an important executive function involving planning and executing a series of steps to achieve goal-directed outcomes. The lateral frontal cortex is implicated in this behavior, but downstream striatal outputs remain relatively unexplored. We trained marmosets on a three-stimulus self-ordered spatial sequencing task using a touch-sensitive screen to explore the role of the caudate nucleus and putamen in random and fixed response arrays.
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