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Molecular factors, diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors: An update.
World J Clin Cases
September 2022
Department of 2 Surgical Propedeutic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece.
The prevalence of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) is increasing, and despite recent advances in their therapy, it remains inadequate in patients with advanced well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors. These tumors present many challenges concerning the molecular basis and genomic profile, pathophysiology, clinicopathological features, histopathologic classification, diagnosis and treatment. There has been an ongoing debate on diagnostic criteria and clinical behavior, and various changes have been made over the last few years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall bowel carcinoid tumor causing intestinal ischemia: A case report with review of the literature.
Radiol Case Rep
October 2022
Department of Radiology and Interventional Imaging, CHU Hassan II, FEZ, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Morocco.
Intestinal carcinoid tumors are well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors that are capable of secreting bioactive hormones and/or amines; These tumors are uncommon but are the most common primary tumors of the small intestine. We report the case of an 80-year-old woman who presented with a long history (about 14 years ago) of atypical digestive symptoms such as vague abdominal pain, alternating diarrhea, and constipation, treated as functional colopathy without improvement, until the day when she presented with worsening pain that prompted her consultation. CT scan revealed typical manifestations of a carcinoid tumor associated with signs of subacute small bowel ischemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlpha-enolase involvement in intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease.
J Transl Autoimmun
June 2021
Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Research Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
Celiac disease is a life-long intestinal autoimmune disease, characterized by the gluten intolerance and chronic enteric inflammation. Traditionally presented by intestinal manifestations, however, a shift toward extra intestinal presentation is taking place. One of the affected organs is the nervous systems presented by neuropsychiatric manifestations, hence the mechanism and pathways are not clear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultifunctional neuron-specific enolase: its role in lung diseases.
Biosci Rep
November 2019
Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China; Institute (College) of Intergrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning, China.
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), also known as gamma (γ) enolase or enolase-2 (Eno2), is a form of glycolytic enolase isozyme and is considered a multifunctional protein. NSE is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells, especially in those of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) lineage such as pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, intestine and lung. In addition to its well-established glycolysis function in the cytoplasm, changes in cell localization and differential expression of NSE are also associated with several pathologies such as infection, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLetter to the Editor.
Clin Chim Acta
June 2018
Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430077, China. Electronic address:
Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are uncommon type of cancers, also known as APUD (amine precursor uptake decarboxylation) tumors, which are becoming increasingly prevalent. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a poor prognosis factor in a number of hepatic diseases. However, its distribution and prognostic value in primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors (PHNETs) are still not clear.
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