In previous paper, the role of somatostatin in diabetes was examined. Here, the inhibitive action of somatostatin on growth hormone and its physiopathological and therapeutic implications in acromegaly and diabetes mellitus are reanalysed. The effect of the polypeptide on the C.N.S. is looked at from the viewpoint of its role as neurotransmitter at encephalic level and of its therapeutic use.
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Curr Opin Crit Care
January 2025
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS).
Purpose Of Review: This narrative review discusses the mechanisms connecting gut dysbiosis to adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill patients and explores potential therapeutic strategies.
Recent Findings: In recent years, the study of microbiota in ICUs has gained attention because of its potential effects on patient outcomes. Critically ill patients often face severe conditions, which can compromise their immune systems and lead to opportunistic infections from bacteria typically harmless to healthy individuals.
Mol Cell Biochem
January 2025
Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
Ferroptosis is a novel, iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial shrinkage. It is closely associated with the onset and progression of various diseases, especially cancer, at all stages, making it a key focus of research for developing therapeutic strategies. Numerous studies have explored the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating ferroptosis by modulating the expression of critical genes involved in iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurochem Res
January 2025
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
The specific pathogeneses of schizophrenia (SCZ) remain an enigma despite extensive research that has implicated both genetic and environmental factors. Recent revelations that dysregulated immune system caused by glial cell overactivation result in neuroinflammation, a key player in neurodegenerative as well as neuropsychiatric disorders including SCZ are providing novel clues on potential therapeutic interventions. Here, we review the roles of glial cells (Dr.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyroid
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Republic of Korea.
Although patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) generally have a poor prognosis and there are currently no effective treatment options, survival and response to therapy vary between patients. Genomic and transcriptomic profiles of ATC have been reported; however, a comprehensive study of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of ATC is still lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the TME characteristics associated with ATC and their prognostic implications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, United States.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell derived nanovesicles which are implicated in both physiological and pathological intercellular communication, including the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. The exchange of biomolecules between stromal cells and cancer cells via EVs can provide a window to monitor cancer development in real time for better diagnostic and interventional strategies. In addition, the process of secretion and internalization of EVs by stromal and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can be exploited for delivering therapeutics.
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