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Direct interrogation of cortical interneuron circuits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Brain
October 2024
The Brain and Nerve Research Centre, Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2139, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- Cortical hyperexcitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is linked to complex interactions between cortical interneurons, with this study examining GABA-ergic dysfunction via a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and EEG.
- In 21 ALS patients, TMS-EEG results showed significant differences in the transcranial evoked potential (TEP) components compared to healthy controls, indicating impaired cortical inhibitory function.
- Notably, changes in TEP components correlated with muscle weakness and longer disease duration, highlighting the role of disrupted GABA-ergic circuits in the progression of ALS.
Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamatergic Neurons Facilitated Emergence From Isoflurane Anesthesia Involves Excitation of Lateral Septum GABA-ergic Neurons in Mice.
Anesth Analg
August 2024
From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Background: Ventral tegmental area (VTA) glutamatergic neurons promote wakefulness in the sleep-wake cycle; however, their roles and neural circuit mechanisms during isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia remain unclear.
Methods: Fiber photometry and in vivo electrophysiology were used to observe the changes in neuronal or terminal activity during ISO anesthesia and arousal processes. Optogenetic and anesthesia behaviors were used to investigate the effects of VTA glutamatergic neurons and their projections to the lateral septum (LS) during ISO anesthesia and arousal.
Human forebrain organoid-based multi-omics analyses of PCCB as a schizophrenia associated gene linked to GABAergic pathways.
Nat Commun
August 2023
The First Affiliated Hospital, Multi-Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421000, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
Identifying genes whose expression is associated with schizophrenia (SCZ) risk by transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) facilitates downstream experimental studies. Here, we integrated multiple published datasets of TWAS, gene coexpression, and differential gene expression analysis to prioritize SCZ candidate genes for functional study. Convergent evidence prioritized Propionyl-CoA Carboxylase Subunit Beta (PCCB), a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gene, as an SCZ risk gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentifying genes whose expression is associated with schizophrenia (SCZ) risk by transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) facilitates downstream experimental studies. Here, we integrated multiple published datasets of TWAS (including FUSION, PrediXcan, summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR), joint-tissue imputation approach with Mendelian randomization (MR-JTI)), gene coexpression, and differential gene expression analysis to prioritize SCZ candidate genes for functional study. Convergent evidence prioritized Propionyl-CoA Carboxylase Subunit Beta ( ), a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gene, as an SCZ risk gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) over premotor-motor areas affects local circuitries in the human motor cortex via Hebbian plasticity.
Neuroimage
May 2023
Centro studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia "Renzo Canestrari", Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Cesena Campus, Cesena 47521, Italy; Centro de Investigación en Neuropsicología y Neurociencias Cognitivas (CINPSI Neurocog), Universidad Católica Del Maule, Talca 346000, Chile. Electronic address:
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have shown that cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) can strengthen connectivity between the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and the primary motor cortex (M1) by modulating convergent input over M1 via Hebbian spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). However, whether ccPAS locally affects M1 activity remains unclear. We tested 60 right-handed young healthy humans in two studies, using a combination of dual coil TMS and ccPAS over the left PMv and M1 to probe and manipulate PMv-to-M1 connectivity, and single- and paired-pulse TMS to assess neural activity within M1.
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