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A 14-year-old spayed female Miniature Pinscher presented with tongue curling, dysphagia, hypersalivation, and sublingual gland swelling. Comprehensive evaluation, including neurologic and musculoskeletal examinations, blood work, and urinalysis, revealed no abnormalities other than tongue-related signs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a multilobed cystic structure in the occipito-atlanto-axial joint, compressing the right hypoglossal canal.

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A composite occipito-atlanto-axial joint cavity cyst in a cat.

J Small Anim Pract

December 2023

Small Animal Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.

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Study Design: Biomechanical study using cadaveric cervical spines.

Objective: To evaluate joint mobility and stiffness at the craniovertebral junction.

Summary Of Background Data: Data on the intersegmental kinematics of the craniovertebral joints are available in the literature with a widespread range of values.

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Chiari I malformation is characterized by the downward displacement of cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. While discussing the treatment options for Chiari I malformation, the points of focus include: (1) Has the well-established procedure of posterior fossa decompression become outdated and has been replaced by posterior C1-2 stabilization in every case? (2) In case posterior stabilization is required, should a C1-2 stabilization, rather than an occipitocervical fusion, be the only procedure recommended? The review of literature revealed that when there is bony instability like atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD), occipito-atlanto-axial facet joint asymmetry or basilar invagination (BI) associated with Chiari I malformation, one should address the anterior bony compression as well as perform stabilization. This takes care of the compromised canal at the foramen magnum and re-establishes the cerebrospinal fluid flow along the craniospinal axis; and also provides treatment for CVJ instability.

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