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Purpose: Mitoxantrone (MTX) is largely restricted in clinical usage due to its significant cardiotoxicity. Multiple studies have shown that an imbalance in the gut-heart axis plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aim to explore the possible correlations between gut microbiota (GM) compositions and cardiometabolic (CM) disorder in MTX-triggered cardiotoxicity mice.

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Newer Autoantibodies and Laboratory Assessments in Myositis.

Curr Rheumatol Rep

December 2024

Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.

Purpose Of Review: We aim to describe the immunoassays that have been used for myositis autoantibody discovery with a focus on newer methods. We describe recently identified myositis autoantibodies that do not yet form part of routine clinical testing, highlighting what is known about their associated clinical phenotype and potential clues as to their presence.

Recent Findings: Novel approaches to autoantibody detection have been employed in recent years including chemiluminescent immunoassay, phage immunoprecipitation-sequencing and modifications to the more traditional immunoprecipitation technique.

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Exploring the Interactome of the Queuine Salvage Protein DUF2419 in .

Cells

November 2024

Department of Molecular Microbiology, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel.

causes amebiasis, a significant global health issue, with millions affected annually, especially in developing countries. EhDUF2419, an important protein involved in 's queuine salvage pathway and its interaction network, remains unclear. To explore this, we transfected trophozoites with a plasmid encoding Myc-tagged EhDUF2419 and achieved successful overexpression.

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Nucleotidyltransferase toxin MenT extends aminoacyl acceptor ends of serine tRNAs to control Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth.

Nat Commun

November 2024

Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaires (LMGM), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.

Toxins of toxin-antitoxin systems use diverse mechanisms to inhibit bacterial growth. In this study, we characterize the translation inhibitor toxin MenT3 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis in humans. We show that MenT3 is a robust cytidine specific tRNA nucleotidyltransferase in vitro, capable of modifying the aminoacyl acceptor ends of most tRNA but with a marked preference for tRNA, to which long stretches of cytidines are added.

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Reprogramming the genetic code with flexizymes.

Nat Rev Chem

December 2024

Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

In the canonical genetic code, the 61 sense codons are assigned to the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. Advancements in genetic code manipulation techniques have enabled the ribosomal incorporation of nonproteinogenic amino acids (npAAs). The critical molecule for translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into peptide sequences is aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA), which recognizes the mRNA codon through its anticodon.

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