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Mirror writing of digits: Is there a difference between boys and girls?
Cortex
January 2025
Université de Lorraine, 2LPN, Nancy Cedex, France. Electronic address:
The neurological process of mirror generalization in memory, also known as mirror symmetrization, presents a real dilemma for typically developing 5- to 6-year-olds when learning to write characters (digits and letters). Should they write the digit 3 oriented to the left, that is correctly, or to the right, which leads to its mirror image ε? It has been anecdotally suggested that boys are more prone to mirror-writing than girls, but there is no scientific evidence for this idea. The present article gathers data from 691 children in the upper section of the French école maternelle (age between 5 and 6 ½), who each wrote the digits 0 to 9 four times under dictation and not necessarily in their natural order.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContributions of mirror-image hair cell orientation to mouse otolith organ and zebrafish neuromast function.
Elife
November 2024
The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, United States.
Otolith organs in the inner ear and neuromasts in the fish lateral-line harbor two populations of hair cells oriented to detect stimuli in opposing directions. The underlying mechanism is highly conserved: the transcription factor EMX2 is regionally expressed in just one hair cell population and acts through the receptor GPR156 to reverse cell orientation relative to the other population. In mouse and zebrafish, loss of Emx2 results in sensory organs that harbor only one hair cell orientation and are not innervated properly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTruncated Albumins as Novel Surrogate Biomarkers in Diabetes Therapy: Epiphenomena and Potential Clinical Applications.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord
December 2024
Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India.
Among various albumin posttranslational modifications (PTMs), N- and C-terminal truncations (HSA-DA and HSA-L) have also shown biomarker potential in disease states. We examined albumin truncation longitudinal trends and correlations during diabetes therapy toward possible future clinical applications. In a preliminary longitudinal therapy investigation, mass spectrometry was employed to track PTMs of human serum albumin (HSA), including glycation (GA), cysteinylation (CA or HNA1; reversible), di/trioxidation (OA or HNA2; irreversible), and truncation (TA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGallstones in a Looking-Glass: A Case Report on the Successful Laparoscopic Management of Cholelithiasis in Situs Inversus Totalis.
Cureus
August 2024
General Surgery, King Fahad General Hospital, Madinah, SAU.
Situs inversus is an uncommon congenital condition where the internal organs are arranged in a mirrored or reversed orientation within the body. In this unique anatomical variation, the placement of visceral organs is flipped, presenting a mirror-image configuration relative to their standard positions. While situs inversus itself does not predispose an individual to gallbladder disorders, the anatomical variation poses unique challenges for healthcare professionals in managing abdominal pathologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel technique for skull base reconstruction in craniofacial fibrous dysplasia surgery using three-dimensional printing and a dental alginate mold: illustrative case.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
September 2024
Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center, Manila, Philippines.
Article Synopsis
- Fibrous dysplasia is a rare condition where normal bone is replaced by fibrous tissue, leading to skeletal lesions, as observed in an 18-year-old male with lesions in multiple skull bones.
- The patient underwent surgery involving the removal of the tumor, followed by a complex skull base reconstruction using various grafts and a custom 3D-printed model to replicate the skull structure.
- The case highlights the effectiveness of personalized reconstruction techniques using 3D printing and affordable materials in treating skull base defects after fibrous dysplasia surgery.
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