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Article Synopsis
  • RSV is a significant global health issue, especially for vulnerable groups like young children, as it causes serious lower respiratory infections.
  • Maternal antibodies, transferred through pregnancy and breastfeeding, provide essential protection for infants, but this protection can be limited in preterm or high-risk infants.
  • New treatments, including anti-RSV monoclonal antibodies and emerging vaccines for mothers and children, are being developed to enhance immunity and reduce the healthcare burden associated with RSV infections.
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Regulators of placental antibody transfer through a modeling lens.

Nat Immunol

November 2024

Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Infants are vulnerable to infections owing to a limited ability to mount a humoral immune response and their tolerogenic immune phenotype, which has impeded the success of newborn vaccination. Transplacental transfer of IgG from mother to fetus provides crucial protection in the first weeks of life, and maternal immunization has recently been implemented as a public health strategy to protect newborns against serious infections. Despite their early success, current maternal vaccines do not provide comparable protection across pregnancies with varying gestational lengths and placental and maternal immune features, and they do not account for the dynamic interplay between the maternal immune response and placental transfer.

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Little is known about the potential benefits of maternal immunization in the setting of high-risk pregnancies resulting in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. This study compares transplacental transfer of maternal SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike antibody in pregnancies with SGA compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age infants.

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