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How children come to (not) detect and apply multiple functions for objects: Rethinking perseveration and functional fixedness.
Cognition
October 2024
Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. Electronic address:
Although humans acquire sophisticated and flexible tool-use skills rapidly throughout childhood, young children and adults still show difficulties using the same object for different functions, manifesting in, for example, perseveration or functional fixedness. This paper presents a novel model proposing bottom-up processes taking place during the acquisition of tool-use abilities through active interaction with objects, resulting in two kinds of cognitive representations of an object: a lower-level, action-centered representation and a higher-level, purpose-centered one. In situations requiring the use of an object to attain a goal, the purpose-centered representation is activated quickly, allowing for an immediate detection of suitable tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStanding out: an atypical salience account of creativity.
Trends Cogn Sci
July 2024
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Creativity often entails gaining a novel perspective, yet it remains uncertain how this is accomplished. Atypical salience processing may foster creative thinking by prioritizing putatively irrelevant information, thereby broadening the material accessible for idea generation and inhibiting attentional fixedness; in essence, motivating creative individuals to incorporate information that others overlook.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional fixedness in chimpanzees.
Sci Rep
May 2024
School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.
Differences in the tool use of non-human primates and humans are subject of ongoing debate. In humans, representations of object functions underpin efficient tool use. Yet, representations of object functions can lead to functional fixedness, which describes the fixation on a familiar tool function leading to less efficient problem solving when the problem requires using the tool for a new function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Religious Nature of the Psyche, Semiotic Mediation, and the Evanescence of Identity in Liminality.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci
September 2024
Univerity of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
von Fircks' (Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science 1-20, 2003) essay on the experience of meditation is rich in stimuli and insights. This paper aims at extrapolating and developing a germinal element from it: Semiotic mediation constitutes the core of the religious nature of the human psyche. It represents both the drive for transformation in the transcendence of the relational process and the search for stability and fixedness in the immanence of the experience of the present moment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystematic research is needed on the potential effects of lifelong technology experience on cognition: a mini-review and recommendations.
Front Psychol
February 2024
Applied Research Laboratory for Intelligence and Security, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Digital technology is deeply integrated into everyday life, leading to a shift in cognitive functioning as people rely more on these tools for social interactions and information access.
- The review focuses on three higher-level cognitive functions: creativity, adaptability, and decision-making, and examines how lifelong engagement with digital technology might influence these areas.
- It highlights a gap in research regarding the overall effects of technology on complex cognitive processes, as most studies have concentrated on specific tools' impacts on lower-level cognition.
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