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Background: Red Blood Cell Exchange (RBCX) is a common treatment for pediatric sickle cell disease (SCD). Since inflammation with elevated proinflammatory cytokines plays a crucial role in SCD, this study hypothesized that RBCX might lower these cytokines and aimed to assess the impact of this technique on these markers.

Methods: Prospective and observational study of pediatric SCD patients (HbSS genotype) enrolled in a chronic RBCX program at a Portuguese Hospital from October 2022 to August 2024.

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Red cell exchange is important to treat acutely ill sickle cell patients, but it is time-consuming. An automated red cell exchange technique using cell separators developed by different manufacturers helps in removal of sickled hemoglobin and improving blood viscosity. The use of these cell separators permits automated red cell exchange to be performed safely and smoothly with the isovolemic hemodilution.

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Harsh operating conditions imposed by vehicular applications significantly limit the utilization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) in electric propulsion systems. Improper/poor management and supervision of rapidly varying current demands can lead to undesired electrochemical reactions and critical cell failures. Among other failures, flooding and catalytic degradation are failure mechanisms that directly impact the composition of the membrane electrode assembly and can cause irreversible cell performance deterioration.

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Purpose: The aim of this review is to give an overview of the results of prospective and retrospective studies using allogenic reconstruction and postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in breast cancer and to make recommendations regarding this interdisciplinary approach.

Materials And Methods: A PubMed search was conducted to extract relevant articles from 2000 to 2024. The search was performed using the following terms: (breast cancer) AND (reconstruction OR implant OR expander) AND (radiotherapy OR radiation).

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[Acute respiratory distress syndrome : Pathophysiology, definition and treatment strategies].

Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed

February 2025

Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin I, Medizinische Universität Wien, Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is defined as an acute inflammatory syndrome leading to increased pulmonary capillary leakage and subsequent interstitial and alveolar pulmonary edema. Hypoxia is the predominant symptom. The definition of ARDS comprises acute onset, bilateral patchy infiltration on chest X‑ray and a reduction of the ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO) to the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO), which also determines the classification into mild (≤ 300), moderate (≤ 200) and severe (≤ 100) ARDS.

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