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A combination treatment with a water extract from Euglena gracilis and anti-PD-1 antibody strongly inhibits growth of lung cancer in mice through stimulating tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.
Int Immunopharmacol
February 2025
Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Electronic address:
Here, we investigated the relationship between the attenuation of lung cancer growth due to oral administration of Euglena gracilis water extract (EWE) and T cell stimulation. Orally administered EWE was revealed to increase PD-1 and PD-L1 mRNA and proteins primarily in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which was correlated with a significant decrease in the tumor weights in mice. A combination treatment with EWE and anti-PD-1 antibody significantly decreased the growth of murine lung tumors more than treatment with either alone by increasing the number of TILs and attenuating T cell exhaustion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEuglena gracilis-derived β-glucan ameliorates particulate matter (PM)-induced airway inflammation by modulating nuclear factor kappa B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathways in A549 cells and BALB/c mice.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Food Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
This study aimed to investigate the effects of β-glucan derived from Euglena gracilis (EGB), an edible microalga, on particulate matter (PM)-induced airway inflammation in A549 cells and BALB/c mice. EGB effectively suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8) and mediators (iNOS, COX-2), while inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways triggered by PM exposure and reducing nuclear NF-κB levels. Additionally, EGB decreased PM-induced ROS production and increased the protein levels of NRF2 and HO-1, along with genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (catalase, GPx, SOD1), associated with elevated nuclear NRF2 levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of a new sterilization method for microalgae media using calcium hypochlorite as the sterilant.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng
March 2024
Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)), which can be stably stored in powder form for a long period, is widely used as a disinfectant in various fields. A new sterilization process was developed in the present study, where a microalgal medium was sterilized using 0.02% Ca(ClO), followed by complete neutralization of the Ca(ClO) within 8 h through catalytic reaction of an MnCl-NaEDTA complex and a synergistic effect of glucose.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of polystyrene microplastics on Euglena gracilis: Intracellular distribution and the protozoan transcriptional responses.
Aquat Toxicol
January 2024
College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, PR China.
Microplastics (MPs) introduced into aquatic environments inevitably interact with aquatic organisms such as plankton, potentially yielding adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem. The extent to which MPs can infiltrate planktonic cells and evoke a molecular response remains largely unknown. In the present study, the internalization of fluorescently labeled polystyrene (PS) MPs on Euglena gracilis cells was investigated, determining the transcriptional responses within protozoa after an 8-day exposure period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing a Battery of Bioassays to Assess the Toxicity of Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents in Industrial Parks.
Toxics
August 2023
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Bioassays, as an addition to physico-chemical water quality evaluation, can provide information on the toxic effects of pollutants present in the water. In this study, a broad evaluation of environmental health risks from industrial wastewater along the Yangtze River, China, was conducted using a battery of bioassays. Toxicity tests showed that the wastewater treatment processes were effective at lowering acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, HepG2 cells' cytotoxicity, the estrogenic effect in T47D-Kbluc cells, DNA damage of Euglena gracilis and the mutagenicity of Salmonella typhimurium in the analyzed wastewater samples.
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