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Endogenous reward is a bridge between social/cognitive and behavioral models of choice.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Coatesville, PA,
Endogenous reward (intrinsic reward at will) is a that is by steps toward any goals which are challenging and/or uncommon enough to prevent its debasement by inflation. A "theory of mental computational processes" should propose what properties let goals grow from appetites for endogenous rewards. Endogenous reward may be the universal selective factor in all modifiable mental processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResurrecting the "black-box" conundrum.
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD,
In their article, Murayama and Jach contend that a mental computational model demonstrates that high-level motivations are emergent properties from underlying cognitive processes rather than instigators of behaviors. Despite points of agreement with the authors' critiques of the motivation literature, I argue that their claim of dismantling the black box of the human mind has been constructed on shaking grounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFα-Phellandrene: A Promising Natural Remedy for Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Disease.
Recent Adv Food Nutr Agric
January 2025
Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Mathura, U.P. India.
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the pro-gressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor dysfunction and non-motor symptoms. Current treatments primarily offer symptomatic relief without halt-ing disease progression. This has driven the exploration of natural compounds with neuropro-tective properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives: synthesis, characterization, antifungal activity, DNA binding investigations, TD-DFT calculations, and molecular modelling.
J Biomol Struct Dyn
March 2025
Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
1,3,4-Oxadiazole-based heterocyclic analogs (3a-3m) were synthesized cyclization of Schiff bases with substituted aldehydes in the presence of bromine and acetic acid. The structural clarification of synthesized molecules was carried out with various spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR,H and C-NMR, UV-visible spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. antifungal activity was performed against , and and analogs 3g, 3i, and 3m showed potent MIC at 200 µg/ml and excellent ZOI measurements of 17-21 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExperimental support for partial compensation, not matched, partner response rules in blue tits.
Behav Ecol
December 2024
Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Treliever Road, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom.
Outcomes of theoretical models on conflict resolution between investing partners in bi-parental care systems typically predict "partial compensation" or "matched" response rules, depending on underlying assumptions. Further, although experimental tests in birds suggest that care levels by pair members are largely associated with partial compensation responses, this outcome partly depends on the type of experiment used and its effects on model assumptions. To elucidate support for both the underlying assumptions and predictions of models predicting partner compensation versus matching, we performed temporary, bi-directional brood size manipulations during late nestling provisioning in blue tits () in the French Pyrenees.
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