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Promethazine hydrochloride (PMHC) is a vital drug that is used as an anticholinergic, antipsychotic, antihistaminic, analgesic, sedative, and neuroleptic. However, the overdosage of PMHC also causes reproductive variations, cardiac changes, hypotension, and endocrinal variations. Hence, the detection of PMHC is crucial.

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Background The presence of psychiatric symptoms in pregnancy is a common occurrence that requires swift and effective management to avoid harm to self, caregivers, staff, and, above all, the reliant fetus. However, there is a dearth of knowledge, practical guidelines, and research in the context of managing agitated states of antenatal patients. To bridge this critical knowledge gap, this research endeavors to illuminate the practices surrounding the management of agitated pregnant women with respect to psychiatric emergencies in a tertiary care hospital.

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This study aims to investigate the effect of promethazine (PMZ) on hippocampal neuronal injury through network pharmacology and in vivo experiments. Network pharmacology: The intersection genes of PMZ and Alzheimer Disease (AD) were obtained, and the core genes of PMZ in AD were screened. The intersection genes were enriched by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses.

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Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of community pharmacists in the UK.

Int J Pharm Pract

October 2024

School of Population Health, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaux Lane House, Lower Mercer Street, Dublin 2, D02 DH60, Ireland.

Objectives: To assess the content and frequency of advice community pharmacists (CPs) provide to pregnant women with nausea and vomiting, their confidence in providing advice, and their knowledge of the safety of medication used to manage the condition.

Methods: An online questionnaire of closed- and open-ended questions was distributed to CPs in the UK in May 2023. Closed-ended questions were analysed quantitatively, and conventional content analysis was utilised for open-ended responses.

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Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect of promethazine on bacterial isolates from canine otitis externa: an in vitro study.

Microb Pathog

November 2024

Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Group of Applied Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medical Microbiology, Specialized Medical Mycology Center, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1315, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP: 60430-275, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Otitis externa is a condition in dogs where the external ear canal becomes inflamed, usually due to bacterial infections, and this study focuses on testing promethazine's effectiveness against it.
  • * The research evaluated how promethazine affects bacterial growth and biofilm formation over 120 hours, determining its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC).
  • * Results showed that promethazine significantly reduced biofilm growth and could be a promising treatment for recurring bacterial otitis in dogs, highlighting the benefits of repurposing existing drugs to combat antimicrobial resistance.
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