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A spleen is required for antibody mediated immune enhancement but not for RBC clearance or antigen-modulation in mice.
Transfusion
January 2025
Beirne Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Background: IgG against alloantigens on transfused RBC can lead to antibody-mediated immune enhancement (AMIE). AMIE has properties not found in other forms of alloimmunization, including rapid clearance of RBCs, a requirement for Fc-gamma receptors on dendritic cells, and no dependence on IFNAR. A spleen is required for alloimmunization to transfused RBCs under normal conditions but its role in AMIE has not been assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInteraction and cleavage of cell and plasma proteins by the platelet-aggregating serine protease PA-BJ of Bothrops jararaca venom.
Biochimie
January 2025
Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:
PA-BJ is a serine protease present in Bothrops jararaca venom that triggers platelet aggregation and granule secretion by activating the protease-activated receptors PAR-1 and PAR-4, without clotting fibrinogen. These receptors also have a relevant role in endothelial cells, however, the interaction of PA-BJ with other membrane-bound or soluble targets is not known. Here we explored the activity of PA-BJ on endothelial cell receptor, cytoskeleton, and coagulation proteins in vitro, and show the degradation of fibrinogen and protein C, and the limited proteolysis of actin, EPCR, PAR-1, and thrombomodulin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of a novel molecular probe for visualizing mesothelin on the tumor via positron emission tomography.
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
January 2025
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Xietu Road 2094, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Objectives: Mesothelin (MSLN) is an antigen that is overexpressed in various cancers, and its interaction with tumor-associated cancer antigen 125 plays a multifaceted role in tumor metastasis. The serum MSLN expression level can be detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; however, non-invasive visualization of its expression at the tumor site is currently lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a molecular probe for imaging MSLN expression through positron emission tomography (PET).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtocol for the generation of HLF+ HOXA+ human hematopoietic progenitor cells from pluripotent stem cells.
STAR Protoc
January 2025
Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address:
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) generate blood and immune cells. Here, we present a protocol to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into hematopoietic progenitors that express the signature HSC transcription factors HLF, HOXA5, HOXA7, HOXA9, and HOXA10. hPSCs are dissociated, seeded, and then sequentially differentiated into posterior primitive streak, lateral mesoderm, artery endothelium, hemogenic endothelium, and hematopoietic progenitors through the sequential addition of defined, serum-free media.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSPR is a fast and straightforward method to estimate the binding constants of cyclic dinucleotides to their binding partners, such as STING or poxin.
Biophys Chem
January 2025
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
The development of small molecule drugs that target protein binders is the central goal in medicinal chemistry. During the lead compound development process, hundreds or even thousands of compounds are synthesized, with the primary focus on their binding affinity to protein targets. Typically, IC or EC values are used to rank these compounds.
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