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Feature-selective adaptation of numerosity perception.
Proc Biol Sci
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Perceptual adaptation has been widely used to infer the existence of numerosity detectors, enabling animals to quickly estimate the number of objects in a scene. Here, we investigated, in humans, whether numerosity adaptation is influenced by stimulus feature changes as previous research suggested that adaptation is reduced when the colour of adapting and test stimuli did not match. We tested whether such adaptation reduction is due to unspecific novelty effects or changes of stimuli identity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeocortical somatostatin neuron diversity in cognition and learning.
Trends Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:
Somatostatin-expressing (SST) neurons are a major class of electrophysiologically and morphologically distinct inhibitory cells in the mammalian neocortex. Transcriptomic data suggest that this class can be divided into multiple subtypes that are correlated with morpho-electric properties. At the same time, availability of transgenic tools to identify and record from SST neurons in awake, behaving mice has stimulated insights about their response properties and computational function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of noradrenergic inhibition on neuroinflammation and pathophysiology in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.
J Neuroinflammation
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1050 Arastradero Road, Building A, Palo Alto, Stanford, CA, 94304, United States of America.
Norepinephrine (NE) modulates cognitive function, arousal, attention, and responses to novelty and stress, and it also regulates neuroinflammation. We previously demonstrated behavioral and immunomodulatory effects of beta-adrenergic pharmacology in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current studies were designed to block noradrenergic signaling in 5XFAD mice through (1) chemogenetic inhibition of the locus coeruleus (LC), (2) pharmacologic blocking of β-adrenergic receptors, and (3) conditional deletion of β1- or β2-adrenergic receptors (adrb1 or adrb2) in microglia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovelty mismatch as a determinant of latent inhibition.
J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn
January 2025
School of Psychology, University of Nottingham.
Latent inhibition refers to the observation, made in both human and nonhuman animals, that learning about the relationship between a stimulus and an outcome progresses more rapidly when the stimulus is novel compared to when the stimulus has been rendered familiar by preexposure. Three experiments with human participants show that this effect can be reversed to reveal faster learning about a familiar than a novel stimulus, by manipulating the novelty/familiarity of the experimental context. In each experiment, during Stage 1, a preexposed stimulus was rendered familiar by being repeatedly presented within a stream of distractor letters that constituted the experimental context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn electrochemiluminescence sensor for ultrasensitive determination of tyrosine based on ceria nanomaterial as a novel luminophor.
Anal Chim Acta
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070 Gansu, P.R. China. Electronic address:
Backgroud: Recently, optical nanomaterials have attracted much attention in the field of electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Nanostructured ceria possessed unique optical properties, and it's always used for constructing ECL sensor as catalyst for improving sensing performance, while the ECL property of ceria is rarely studied. In fact, it could be the potential candidate for applying in ECL sensors based on size and shape dependency optical property caused by the quantum scale effects.
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