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Comparing the Effects of Propofol and Thiopental on Human Renal HEK-293 Cells With a Focus on Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production, Cytotoxicity, and Apoptosis: Insights Into Dose-Dependent Toxicity.
Cureus
November 2024
Medical Biochemistry, Harran University, Şanliurfa, TUR.
Objectives: Propofol and thiopental are widely used as hypnotic, sedative, antiepileptic, and analgesic agents in general anesthesia and intensive care; however, their side effects remain unknown. They are used for long periods and at high doses for sedation in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and intensive care units. Long-term and high-dose use of these drugs can lead to accumulation in plasma and tissues, resulting in high drug concentrations and increasing the risk of potential toxicity (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Vitro Hepatotoxicity of Routinely Used Opioids and Sedative Drugs.
Curr Issues Mol Biol
March 2024
Department Extracorporeal Therapy Systems (EXTHER), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Schillingallee 68, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
A hepatocyte cell line was used to determine the hepatotoxicity of sedatives and opioids, as the hepatotoxicity of these drugs has not yet been well characterized. This might pose a threat, especially to critically ill patients, as they often receive high cumulative doses for daily analgosedation and often already have impaired liver function due to an underlying disease or complications during treatment. A well-established biosensor based on HepG2/C3A cells was used for the determination of the hepatotoxicity of commonly used sedatives and opioids in the intensive care setting (midazolam, propofol, s-ketamin, thiopental, fentanyl, remifentanil, and sufentanil).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDexmedetomidine compared to low-dose ketamine better protected not only the brain but also the lungs in acute ischemic stroke.
Int Immunopharmacol
November 2023
Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rio de Janeiro Network on Neuroinflammation, Rio de Janeiro State Research Foundation (FAPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:
Background: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) and low-dose ketamine (KET) present neuroprotective effects in acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, to date, no studies have evaluated which has better protective effects not only on the brain but also lungs in AIS.
Methods: AIS-induced Wistar rats (390 ± 30 g) were randomized after 24-h, receiving dexmedetomidine (STROKE-DEX, n = 10) or low-dose S(+)-ketamine (STROKE-KET, n = 10). After 1-h protective ventilation, perilesional brain tissue and lungs were removed for histologic and molecular biology analysis.
Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Paediatr Anaesth
April 2023
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass can affect the pharmacokinetics of anesthetic agents.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine for infants and small children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass based on population pharmacokinetics.
Methods: We enrolled 30 pediatric cardiac surgical patients in this study.
Insights into the spectrofluorometric determination of the neuromuscular blocker mivacurium chloride.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
March 2023
Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, International Coastal Road, Gamasa 11152, Egypt.
Fluorescence spectroscopy is gaining interest in the analysis and quantitative determination of different drugs. This study was carried out to investigate the fluorometric properties of the short-acting muscle relaxant mivacurium in its pure form, injection, and human plasma. It is nondepolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant for intravenous (IV) administration.
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