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Geographic disparities impacting oral vaccine performance: Observations and future directions.
Clin Exp Immunol
January 2025
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.
Oral vaccines have several advantages compared with parenteral administration: they can be relatively cheap to produce in high quantities, easier to administer, and induce intestinal mucosal immunity that can protect against infection. These characteristics have led to successful use of oral vaccines against rotavirus, polio, and cholera. Unfortunately, oral vaccines for all three diseases have demonstrated lower performance in the highest-burden settings where they are most needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of Maternal Graves' Disease on Neonatal Thyroid Function: A Systematic Review.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Midwifery, School of Health and Care Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, GRC.
Maternal Graves' disease (GD) poses a significant risk to neonatal thyroid function due to the transplacental transfer of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs). This systematic review aims to assess the impact of maternal GD on neonatal thyroid outcomes and identify key maternal factors influencing these outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane, resulting in the inclusion of 18 studies published from 2014 to 2024.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatal toxicity of L-mimosine in Wistar rats.
Toxicon
December 2024
Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, S.P., Brazil; Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (ICAQF-UNIFESP), Diadema, S.P., Brazil. Electronic address:
L-Mimosine is the main active component of the plant Leucaena leucocephala. Due to its metal-chelating mechanism, it interacts with various metabolic pathways in living organisms, making it a potential pharmacological target, although it also leads to toxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the transplacental passage of L-mimosine and its effects on embryofetal development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of HIV and Malaria in Pregnancy on Pertussis-specific Antibodies and Transplacental Antibody Transfer: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study in Mozambican Pregnant Women and Their Infants.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
December 2024
From the Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.
Article Synopsis
- Maternal HIV and malaria infections during pregnancy can negatively impact the transfer of pertussis immunity from mothers to their infants.
- A study in Mozambique, involving 270 mother-infant pairs, found that mothers with HIV had significantly lower placental transfer of pertussis-specific antibodies compared to those without HIV.
- The findings suggest that addressing maternal HIV through healthcare interventions and immunization could help protect infants from pertussis.
Trans-Placental Transfer Mechanisms of Aromatic Amine Antioxidants (AAs) and -Phenylenediamine Quinones (PPD-Qs): Evidence from Human Gestation Exposure and the Rat Uterine Perfusion Model.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Aromatic amine antioxidants (AAs), as rubber additives, and their ozone photochemical oxidation products of -phenylenediamine quinone (PPD-Qs) have attracted great attention recently due to their wide environmental occurrences and toxicity. However, there is currently no research on the exposure risks during pregnancy and their trans-placental transfer mechanisms. Herein, 20 AAs and six PPD-Qs were analyzed in 60 maternal urine and fifty-six amniotic fluid samples ( = 53 pairs).
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