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The immunopathogenesis of a cytokine storm: The key mechanisms underlying severe COVID-19.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev
January 2025
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Electronic address:
A cytokine storm is marked by excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and has emerged as a key factor in severe COVID-19 cases - making it a critical therapeutic target. However, its pathophysiology was poorly understood, which hindered effective treatment. SARS-CoV-2 initially disrupts angiotensin signalling, promoting inflammation through ACE-2 downregulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Diagnostic Utility of TRBC1 Immunohistochemistry in Mature T-Cell Lymphomas.
Mod Pathol
January 2025
Hematopathology Service, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:
T-cell clonality assessment constitutes an essential part of the diagnostic evaluation of suspected T-cell neoplasms. Recent advances in flow cytometry-based analysis of TCR β chain constant region 1 (TRBC1) have introduced an accurate method of assessment of T-cell clonality. Its broader applicability is constrained due to the requirement of viable cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune checkpoint inhibitors mediate myocarditis by promoting macrophage polarization via cGAS/STING pathway.
Cytokine
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 358 Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, China; Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 358 Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, China. Electronic address:
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors has opened up new avenues for cancer treatment, but serious cardiac injury has emerged in their use. A large number of data have shown that abnormal activation of cytosolic DNA-sensing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-interferon gene activator pathway is closely related to cardiovascular inflammation and autoimmune diseases. However, the pathophysiological function of the cGAS-STING cascade in myocarditis induced by Immune checkpoint inhibitors is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional characterization of novel anti-DEFA5 monoclonal antibody clones 1A8 and 4F5 in inflammatory bowel disease colitis tissues.
Inflamm Res
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience, and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: The aberrant expression of α defensin 5 (DEFA5) protein in colonic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) underlies the distinct pathogenesis of Crohn's colitis (CC). It can serve as a biomarker for differentiating CC from Ulcerative colitis (UC), particularly in Indeterminate colitis (IC) cases into UC and CC. We evaluated the specificity of commercially available anti-DEFA5 antibodies, emphasizing the need to further validate their appropriateness for a given application and highlighting the necessity for novel antibodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdipokines in Breast Cancer: Decoding Genetic and Proteomic Mechanisms Underlying Migration, Invasion, and Proliferation.
Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press)
January 2025
Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Spine, Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, Preventive Medicine - ETHIANUM, Heidelberg, 69115, Germany.
Background: Adipokines, bioactive peptides secreted by adipose tissue, appear to contribute to breast cancer development and progression. While numerous studies suggest their role in promoting tumor growth, the exact mechanisms of their involvement are not yet completely understood.
Methods: In this project, varying concentrations of recombinant human adipokines (Leptin, Lipocalin-2, PAI-1, and Resistin) were used to study their effects on four selected breast cancer cell lines (EVSA-T, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and SK-Br-3).
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